Supplement to the STEP 7 User Manual V4.0
Copyright 1998 by Siemens AG
Supplement to the STEP 7 User Manual V4.0
Copyright 1998 by Siemens AG
New Functions in Version V4.02
1 Overview
New and Modified Functions in STEP 7 Version 4.02
The information in this supplement will familiarize you with the additional functions of STEP 7, version 4.02 in a short and concise manner.
You should already be familiar with version 4.01 of the STEP 7 software and the manual package ??STEP 7 Basic Information V4.0?? (Order Number
6ES7
This supplement is structured in a similar way to the STEP 7 User Manual. First, you will find details of the most important updates/changes in creating and editing projects; then, information on configuring hardware, networks, and connections; and finally, notes on creating and debugging user programs.
Minor changes are not documented here. If, for example, dialog boxes have been changed, these changes are explained in the online help.
New Functions in Version V4.02
New Function: Password Protection for Access to Programmable Controllers
With the aid of password protection you can:
Protect the user program and its data in the CPU against unwanted changes (write protection),
Protect the
Inhibit online functions which would interfere with the process.
You can only assign a password to a module if the module supports this function.
If you want to protect a module with a password, you must define the level of protection and the password in the module parameter assignment, and then download the modified parameters to the module (see Chapter 3, New CPU Parameters).
If a password is required before an online function can be executed, the dialog box ??Enter Password?? is displayed. By entering the correct password you are authorized to access modules which have been assigned parameters specifying a special level of protection. You can then establish online connections to the protected module and execute the online functions which have been protected.
You can use the menu command PLC Access Rights to open the ??Enter Password?? dialog box directly. Here you can specify that the password entered should be used for all future access to protected modules. The dialog box will then only appear if this password is invalid.
Additional Settings in the SIMATIC Manager
The tabbed dialog box which you open with the menu command Options Customize has been expanded and restructured. For example, you can now select a ??Quick View?? when diagnosing hardware (see Chapter 10).
New Functions in Version V4.02
New CPU Parameters
There are many new components in version 4.02; for example, racks, C7 control systems, or CPUs in the hardware catalog. It is not possible to list all the updates or changes within the scope of this supplement; instead, only the new CPU parameters (which are relevant to the operation of the latest CPUs) are covered:
Improved Copy Function
If you hold the CTRL key down and select several modules or DP slaves, you can then paste these modules/DP slaves at another location.
Before pasting copied DP slaves, you must select the DP master system to which the DP slaves are to be ??attached.??
New Functions in Version V4.02
Improved Display and Print Functions
The changes to the display and print functions are listed below in detail, with a brief description of how each function can be used.
Switching to Network Configuration
You can use the new menu command Options ??? Configure Network to switch to the application for network and connection configurations.
Working with DDB Files
The original procedure for supplying STEP 7 with new device database (DDB) files has been improved. You can now use the menu command Options ??? Install New DDB Files and the subsequent dialog boxes to locate the DDB file you require.
Another new feature in STEP 7, version 4.02 and above, is that type files (DDB files (.GSD)) and DP slave symbols (bitmaps) are now also stored in a project. When you configure a new station, you can refer back to the type/DDB files and symbols which were used to create another project (for example, on another programming device). The new menu command Options ??? Import Station DDB Files enables you to do this.
The menu command for updating the hardware catalog is now Options ??? Update Catalog, rather than Options ??? Update DDB Files.
New Functions in Version V4.02
Configuring the ET 200X (BM 147/CPU) as a DP Slave
The BM 147/CPU basic submodule is configured as an intelligent DP slave. In contrast to other intelligent DP slaves, the basic submodule can be found under ??PROFIBUS DP/ET 200X/BM 147/CPU?? in the ??Hardware Catalog?? window.
Requirement: The application ??Configuring Hardware?? must be running.
Proceed as follows:
1.Configure the DP slave ET 200X (with BM 147/CPU) as an
??Create a new station of the type
??Select the ??PROFIBUS DP/ET 200X/BM 147/CPU?? directory in the ??Hardware Catalog?? window.
??Copy the object ??BM 147/CPU?? to the empty station window using drag & drop.
A configuration table is created for BM 147/CPU.
??Configure the DP slave with the required I/O expansion modules.
??Save the station (the intelligent DP slave).
2.In another station, configure a DP master (CPU with integrated
3.Using drag & drop, copy the DP slave ET 200X (with BM 147/CPU) from the ??Hardware Catalog?? windowConfigured(Stations container) to the symbol for the DP master system.
4.
5.Select the intelligent DP slave and click the ??Link?? button.
6.Select the ??Slave Configuration?? tab and assign the master and slave addresses to one another.
7.Confirm the settings with ??OK.??
New Functions in Version V4.02
Configuring the DP/PA Link
The DP/PA link is a DP slave which for its part (acting as a kind of ??master??) ??opens?? a PROFIBUS PA for connecting PROFIBUS PA devices.
The PROFIBUS PA must be running at a transmission rate of 45.45 Kbps when you connect PA devices.
To configure a DP/PA link, proceed as follows:
1.Install the optional package SIPROM; this will enable you to configure the PA slaves from the ??Hardware Catalog?? window at a later stage. (The PA slaves are located in the ??PROFIBUS PA?? container.)
2.Configure a DP master system.
3.Drag the DP/PA link (IM 157) from the ??Hardware Catalog?? window (??DP/PA Link?? container) to the DP master system.
4.Select the DP/PA link; the DP slave structure will be displayed in the lower section of the station window.
5.Slot 4 represents the ??master?? for the PA
6.Click the ??PROFIBUS?? button and select the subnet with the transmission rate of 45.45 Kbps (already preset).
7.Then configure the PA devices.
(Proceed as for DP slaves: Use drag & drop to transfer the PA devices from the ??Hardware Catalog?? window in the ??PROFIBUS PA?? container to the PA subnet.)
New Functions in Version V4.02
Configuring Software Redundancy
The configuration of a ??warm standby?? system consists of:
Two S7 stations with one
One or more ET 200M devices with IM
This configuration ensures that the ??standby station?? takes over the processing of the user program if one station (one of the two DP masters fails) fails.
Two stations, each with one
To set up this configuration with STEP 7, proceed as follows:
1.Configure the first station (station A) with all the ET 200M devices (IM
2.Configure the second station (station B) without I/Os.
3.Copy the ET 200M in station A and paste these DP slaves in the DP master system of station B (menu command Edit Redundant Paste); see also Page 4 (Improved Copy Function).
In contrast to the ??normal?? Paste function, ??Redundant Paste?? preserves the existing PROFIBUS and I/O addresses. Inconsistencies in addresses are thus avoided. You should follow step 3 very carefully; if the addresses overlap, this may cause the ??Redundant Paste?? to fail.
4.Complete the configuration of station B with central and distributed I/Os.
Important: The DP slaves with IM
New Functions in Version V4.02
Creating a Catalog Profile
If the hardware catalog supplied with STEP 7 is too large or too difficult for you to use, you can create your ??own?? catalog. In this way different catalog profiles are produced. The basis for each new catalog profile is the modules/components catalog with which you are already familiar. The profile of this catalog is known as ??standard;?? you are free to assign names of your own choice to the catalog profiles you create.
To create a new catalog profile, proceed as follows:
1.Select the menu command Options Edit Catalog Profiles.
The application is opened with two catalog profiles: the ??Standard?? profile and an ??empty?? profile containing no components.
2.Drag the required folders and modules from the standard profile window and drop them in the ??empty?? profile window. You can also adapt the structure to meet your requirements using the menu command Insert New Folder.
3.Save the new catalog profile using the menu command File Save As; choose a suitable name for the new profile.
The name of the new profile then appears in the ??Profile?? list box in the ??Hardware Catalog?? window and can be selected.
Docking the ??Hardware Catalog?? Window on the Side of the Application Window
To prevent the ??Hardware Catalog?? window from obscuring the contents of the station window, you can ??dock?? it on one side of the application window. Simply
You can change the size of the ??Hardware Catalog?? window when it is in the ??undocked?? state.
A More Convenient Way to Download Hardware Configurations
If you select the function PLC Download and follow the dialog boxes, you can execute the following actions with a programming device:
Switch the CPU to STOP mode
(if the mode selector is set to
Compress memory
(if insufficient contiguous free memory is available)
Set the CPU to RUN
New Functions in Version V4.02
Configuring Connections while Configuring a Network
The application for configuring networks can also be used to configure connections.
To configure a connection, simply select a module to which connection data can be downloaded, for example, a CPU. The connection table for the selected module will appear in the lower section of the network view.
Improved Display and Print Functions
The changes to the display and print functions are listed below in detail, with a brief description of how each function can be used.
New Functions in Version V4.02
Connecting an
If you wish to connect an
The following restrictions apply:
SA maximum of 8 nodes are permitted
(CPUs, programming devices/operator panels, communications processors/ function modules with separate MPI addresses (each node must be able to support 19.2 Kbps)).
SGlobal data communication between these nodes is impossible.
SOnly certain
No Distinction Between Upper and Lower Case Characters
In previous versions of STEP 7, the user could define symbols which differed from one another only in the case used for individual characters. This has been changed in STEP 7, V4.02. From this version onwards, it will no longer be possible to distinguish between symbols created in upper and lower case.
This change was made in response to the wishes of our customers, and will greatly reduce the risk of errors occurring in a program. The restrictions which have been made to the symbol definition also support the aims of the PLCopen forum to define a standard for transferable programs.
A symbol definition based solely on the distinction between upper and lower case characters is now no longer supported. For example, in previous versions the following definition was possible in the symbol table:
Motor1 = I 0.0
motor1 = I 1.0
The symbols were distinguished on the basis of the case of the first letter. This type of differentiation carries with it a significant risk of confusion. The new definition eliminates this possible source of errors.
New Functions in Version V4.02
Effects on Existing Programs
If you have been using this criterion to distinguish between different symbols, you may experience difficulties with the new definition if:
SSymbols differ from one another only in their use of upper and lower case characters
SParameters differ from one another only in their use of upper and lower case characters
SSymbols differ from parameters only in their use of upper and lower case characters
All three of these conflicts can, however, be analyzed and resolved as described below.
Symbols which Differ from One Another Only in their Use of Upper and Lower Case Characters
Conflict:
If the symbol table has not yet been edited with the current version of the software, the first of the
If the symbol table has already been edited, such symbols are invalid; this means that the symbols are not displayed when blocks are opened and source files containing these symbols can no longer be compiled without errors.
Remedy:
Check your symbol table for conflicts by opening the table and saving it again. This action enables the program to recognize the
New Functions in Version V4.02
Parameters which Differ from One Another Only in their Use of Upper and Lower Case Characters
Conflict:
Source files containing such interfaces can no longer be compiled without errors. Blocks with such interfaces can be opened, but access to the second of these parameters is no longer possible. When you try to access the second parameter, the program automatically returns to the first parameter when the block is saved.
Remedy:
To check which blocks contain such conflicts, it is advisable to generate a source file for all the blocks of a program using the function ??Generate Source File.?? If errors occur when you attempt to compile the source file you have created, a conflict is present.
Correct your source files by ensuring that the parameters are unique; for example, using the Search/Replace function. Then compile the files again.
Symbols which Differ from Parameters Only in their Use of Upper and Lower Case Characters
Conflict:
If shared and local symbols in a source file only differ from one another in their upper and lower case characters, and if no initial characters have been used to identify shared (??symbol name??) or local (#symbol name) symbols, the local symbol will always be used during compilation. This will cause the machine code to be modified.
Remedy:
In this case it is advisable to generate a new source file from all of the blocks. This will automatically assign local and shared access with the corresponding initial characters and will ensure that they are handled correctly during future compilation procedures.
New Functions in Version V4.02
Operation
New menu command Edit ??? Select All: The effect depends on the context in which the command is used (see online help).
Selected networks can be cut, deleted, and copied, as well as inserted into blocks of the same language.
Blocks in the catalog of program elements can be opened with the
If you select a connection in an FBD box or a parameter line in STL and then press F1, a help message on the expected data type and an example are displayed.
New menu command Edit ??? Go To ??? Block Address: The cursor is positioned at the address entered.
New menu command Options ??? Reference Data ??? Filter and Display: This command displays only those reference data which satisfy the filter conditions you have set.
When a source file is generated, the dependent blocks can be generated at the same time, if required.
The key combination CTRL+W or SHIFT+CTRL+W enables you to search forwards or backwards without opening a dialog box.
In the ASCII Editor it is possible to use the commands ??Undo?? and ??Redo?? several times in succession.
You can enter a message text at the call interface of a
Additional Functions
The message attributes of the actual parameter of a called block are automatically transferred to the formal parameters of the calling block.
When an online block is opened, the operating status of the programmable logic controller (PLC) is displayed in color in the status bar. During monitoring (menu command Debug ??? Monitor), a colored progress bar is displayed in the status bar; when the function is deactivated, the operating status replaces the progress bar.
Local symbols from data blocks are displayed (??Symbol information for data bits??).
New Functions in Version V4.02
New Menu Command: Filter and Display
You can use this menu command to call up the reference data and to set the filters before the reference data are displayed. If a program is very large, you can use filters to limit the quantity of data to be displayed. This enables you to obtain the information you require more quickly.
Assigning Value Ranges for Message Numbers
Messages are identified by a number which is unique throughout a project. Each individual S7 program is assigned a number range within the whole range of numbers available (1 ?? 2097151). If you copy a program, the new program must be assigned a new number range.
The menu command Edit ??? Special Object Properties ??? Message Numbers opens the dialog box in which you can select the number range for the new program. The dialog box shows the number ranges which have already been allocated and the respective programs to which they have been assigned. These ranges cannot be used again. The dialog box is also displayed when you copy or insert programs into a project and the number ranges overlap.
If you want to change the number range for a program, proceed as follows:
1.Copy the program.
2.Insert the program in the project again and assign it a new number range.
Background: A number range can only be assigned to a program containing no messages. If messages are already present, you must copy the program and assign it a new number range.
Tip: To avoid having to renumber a program later on, you should check the number range first before you create any messages.
Printing Messages
Menu command File ??? Print ??? Messages, see Chapter 12 (Printing).
New Functions in Version V4.02
Programming LAD/STL/FBD S7 Blocks: Test Environment for Debugging in Program Status
The execution of test functions is dependent on the mode of operation set (process operation or test operation). The mode determines whether test functions are permitted and determines the increase in the scan cycle time caused by test functions.
??Process operation??: test functions restricted (see Chapter 3, new CPU parameters).
??Test operation??: all test functions can be used without restriction; greater increases in the CPU scan cycle time are possible.
You must be in ??test operation?? before you can set breakpoints and execute the program
You can use the menu command Debug Operation to display the mode of operation set. The following situations may arise:
The settings cannot be changed in the dialog box. You must change the relevant CPU parameters in the ??Protection?? tab.
The settings can be changed in the dialog box. In this case, you can set the required mode of operation in the dialog box (in other words, the mode cannot be set for the CPU).
Debugging in Program Status: Procedure
Blocks programmed in STL, FBD, or LAD can only be debugged online in program status. The block must be available online. Proceed as follows:
1.If necessary, select the menu command File Open to open the logic block to be tested and display it in a window.
2.(Optional) Select the menu command Debug Call Environment and set the trigger conditions in the dialog box displayed. The program status is then only recorded if the set conditions occur.
3.Use the menu command Debug Operation to display the test environment which has been set. If the mode of operation was selected when parameters were assigned to the CPU, you can only change the mode by modifying the parameters. If not, you can change the mode in the dialog box (test operation / process operation).
4.Open the ??Customize?? dialog box using the menu commandOptions Customize In the ??STL?? tab or ??LAD/FBD?? tab, select which information should be displayed in the program status.
5.Start the recording of the program status using the menu command Debug Monitor (check mark in front of the menu command).
The STL program status is displayed in the form of a table in the code section of the block. You can deactivate the display by selecting the menu command Debug
Monitor again.
New Functions in Version V4.02
New Functions: Forcing with
The following table provides an overview of the functions and summarizes the differences between forcing and modifying.
* The inputs
-write instructions (for example, T IB x; = I x.y; copying with SFCs)
-read instructions (for example, L PIW x)
-write programming device/operator panel functions
The outputs occupied by force values can be overwritten with:
-write instructions (for example, T PQB x)
-write programming device/operator panel functions
New Functions in Version V4.02
10 Diagnosing Hardware
New Function: Diagnosing Hardware ?? Quick View
In the SIMATIC Manager you can specify which of the following options should be displayed when you call up diagnosing hardware:
Short information (??Diagnosing Hardware - Quick View?? dialog box) or
Detailed information (??HW Config - Diagnosing Hardware?? dialog box) In the second case, it takes STEP 7 longer to trace and display the data.
1. Select the menu command Options Customize in the SIMATIC Manager.
2.Activate (default setting) or deactivate the option ??Display Quick View when Diagnosing Hardware?? in the ??View?? tab of the dialog box.
The quick view only displays the CPU and those modules in which the CPU has detected a fault (for example, diagnostic interrupt, I/O access error). You can select a module and then call up the module status. This will provide you with detailed diagnostic information, depending on the diagnostic capability of the module.
You can use the ??Open Station Online?? button to display the diagnostic information in its entirety. This provides you with a graphic overview of the whole station, as well as information on the configuration.
11 Archiving
Support for Archive Program JAR (1.02) and Winzip (Batch Mode)
If you wish to archive files, you can now also use the JAR archive program (version 1.02 onwards) or the WinZip archive program (version 6.3 onwards) in batch mode.
Archiving Projects with ??Long?? File Names
Projects which have long file names (beyond the 8.3 DOS convention) or deeply- nested directory structures (with directories whose absolute path name exceeds 64 characters) should only be archived using the WinZip or JAR archive programs. Using other archive programs does not guarantee that you will be able to unpack the archive files in these structures completely or correctly. This applies in particular to projects containing objects from the WinCC optional package.
New Functions in Version V4.02
12 Printing
Improved Print Functions in the SIMATIC Manager
You can use the menu command File ??? Print ??? Object List to print a list of the selected objects on the default printer. The list contains the object information which is displayed in the ??Details?? view of the SIMATIC Manager.
You can use the menu command File ??? Print ??? Messages to print messages belonging to individual objects. You can use the filters in the dialog box to select which types of messages you want to print. This is particularly important if you have selected a project or program that contains many different messages. All the messages below the selected object are printed.
You can use the menu command File ??? Print ??? Object to print the selected object on the default printer.
Supplement to the STEP 7 User Manual V4.0