partI

Software for mobility and efficiency

Your PowerBook comes with a variety of applications, utility programs, and control panels that provide broad functionality and flexibility. These include the following items:

In the Applications folder

mApple Internet Connection Kit, complete software for using the Internet

mClaris Organizer, for managing contacts and calendar information

mAmerica Online, for electronic mail, information services, and Internet browsing

mRemote Access Client, for connecting to a computer located elsewhere

mSoftware for sending faxes and making modem connections (Apple Telecom or FaxSTF, depending on the model and geographical region)

In the Apple Extras folder

mApple IR File Exchange, for sending and receiving files using the computer???s infrared window

mPowerBook File Assistant, for synchronizing file contents when you have several versions of a file

mMoviePlayer, for viewing QuickTime movies

In the Control Panels folder

mApple Location Manager, for saving groups of system settings, called ???locations,??? that you can use in different operating environments

In the Utilities folder

mDrive Setup, for testing, formatting, and partitioning hard disk drives and drives for removable media, such as optical disks

mDisk First Aid, for testing and repairing floppy disks and hard disks or removable media (except SRAM storage PC Cards)

Each folder contains other items as well.

Control Strip for quick changes

The Control Strip appears on the desktop when you start up your PowerBook. It lets you change settings quickly???by pressing an icon and then choosing the option you want from a pop-up menu.

(The Control Strip on your computer may look different from the illustration.)

You can adjust the Control Strip and add or remove items from it. For instructions, see ???How do I use the Control Strip???? in the ???Customizing Your Computer??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available from the Guide (h) menu.

Learning materials and other information about the computer

Your PowerBook comes with this user???s manual, which provides the information you need for setting up the computer, caring for it, and finding solutions to problems with the hardware. Depending on the PowerBook model you have, other manuals may be included as well.

The majority of instructions for using your PowerBook are online???in the Mac OS Tutorial, which introduces new users to the computer, and Mac OS Guide, which offers step-by-step instructions for the primary tasks you perform with the computer.

The Guide menu

You use the Guide menu to open Mac OS Tutorial or Mac OS Guide.

6 Chapter 1

The Guide menu contains online instructions for using Macintosh system software when the Finder is the active program. In addition to Mac OS Guide and the tutorial, the Guide menu contains an explanation for using the Guide online instructions (About Apple Guide) and a summary of shortcuts.

The Guide menu usually provides online help for other applications when they are active.

You also use the Guide menu to turn balloons on or off. When turned on, balloons display a description of the item on the screen at the pointer???s location. The illustration shows the balloon for the Trash.

When you have questions about the computer

When you have questions about using your Macintosh, you can look for answers in several places. These include

mMac OS Guide and other online instructions available in the Guide menu

melectronic manuals and Read Me documents on your computer???s hard disk

mfiles that provide demonstrations and tours of the hardware and software (on the hard disk)

mthe printed manuals that came with your computer and with any additional application programs or equipment you???re using

mApple???s World Wide Web sites and other information sources on the Internet (by modem or network connection)

mthe Apple support center (by telephone)

Where to find answers

The summary that follows indicates the type of information you can expect to get from each information source.

On the computer???s hard disk

In the Guide menu

The Guide menu (marked with the hicon) is your main source of information about the Macintosh. You can learn basic skills in the tutorial and get interactive, step-by-step help for tasks in Mac OS Guide.

In electronic manuals

For some programs, condensed instructions and reference information are supplied in an online manual. This type of document usually contains illustrations and bookmarks you use for quick access to the items you need. You can print this manual also.

In Read Me documents

The Read Me files that come on your computer???s hard disk contain late-breaking information about your PowerBook and some of the software that comes with your PowerBook.

In software samplers and tours

Some files on your hard disk offer a tour of the computer???s features or an introduction to one or more applications.

8 Chapter 1

Preparing to set up the computer

Now that you know some essential details about your PowerBook, you???re ready to set it up and begin using it.

To set up your computer for the first time, you need the power adapter and the power cord that came with it.

When setting up your computer, place your computer on a sturdy, flat surface near a grounded electrical outlet. Before following the setup instructions in this chapter, you may want to read ???Arranging Your Work Area and Equipment??? in Appendix A for tips on adjusting your work furniture and computer so that you???re comfortable when using the computer.

Plugging in the computer

Plugging in the power adapter recharges the computer???s battery. You should plug in the power adapter in case the battery has drained during shipping or storage. (If the battery was completely drained, the power will come on automatically when the power adapter is attached.)

WARNING Use only the power adapter that came with your Macintosh PowerBook computer, part number M4895. Adapters for other electronic devices (including other Macintosh PowerBook models and other portable computers) may look similar, but they may damage your computer.

10 Chapter 1

When you are ready to begin, follow these steps:

1Plug one end of the power cord into the power adapter and the other end into a three- hole grounded outlet or power strip.

WARNING This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded. The power adapter that came with your Macintosh PowerBook is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug???a plug that has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC outlet. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into the outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet with a properly grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding plug!

2Plug the power adapter plug into the power adapter port (marked with the icon ??) on the back panel of the computer.

??Power adapter port

Power cord

Power adapter plug

Power adapter

Opening the display

1 Slide the latch to the left and lift up the display.

Slide the latch to the left to open the display.

2Position the display at a comfortable viewing angle.

You can adjust the angle of the display at any time by tilting it toward or away from you.

12 Chapter 1

3Adjust the elevation feet to raise the computer.

The back of the keyboard is slightly elevated when the feet are in use.

It is a good idea to lower the elevation feet whenever you are using your computer on a flat surface.

Removing the battery label

Most new PowerBooks are shipped with a label covering the battery to protect it from losing its charge completely. If there is a label, you need to remove it before the battery will provide power for the computer.

1With the display open, peel off the part of the label on the computer???s case, taking care not to tear the label.

2Close the display (with the detached part of the label outside of the computer).

3 Press the battery release button on the battery.

4Slide the battery out of its compartment.

5Carefully remove the label from the battery.

Avoid touching the battery???s metal contacts as you peel off the label.

6Replace the battery and open the display.

Turning the computer on

To turn on the computer for the first time, do this:

mPress the Power key at the upper-right corner of the keyboard to turn the computer on.

Power key

P

14 Chapter 1

You should hear a tone when you turn on the computer. It takes the computer a few moments to start up. You???ll see the Mac OS startup screen as the system software is loaded on the computer. After your computer starts up for the first time, a picture similar to this appears on the screen:

Note: Your screen should look very similar to this, but it may not look exactly the same.

Problems turning the computer on?

mNothing happened when you pressed the Power key.

The battery may be drained. Make sure you plugged in the power adapter, and that the power adapter is firmly connected to both the computer and a power source. If the power adapter is plugged into a power strip, make sure the power strip is plugged in and turned on. If the computer doesn???t make a

sound when you press the Power key, press the reset button (marked with an I) on the back of the computer. Once the battery has charged you should be able to use the Power key normally.

If the computer still doesn???t turn on, see ???Problems Starting Up the Computer??? in Chapter 7.

mThe computer made a sound, but you can???t see anything on the screen.

Adjust the brightness control (marked with the icon ??) until an image appears and the screen is easy to read.

?? Brightness control

mYou see a picture of a disk with a blinking question mark on the screen.

This icon usually means that the computer can???t find system software on the hard disk or any disks attached to the computer. You may need to reinstall system software. See ???Reinstalling System Software??? in Chapter 8.

16 Chapter 1

What???s next?

You???ve now finished setting up your Macintosh PowerBook. Continue with one of the following steps:

mIf you are new to the Macintosh, turn to the next section, ???Learning the Basics.???

mIf you are an experienced Macintosh user, turn to Chapter 2, ???Getting Help,??? to learn about Mac OS Guide, your main source of information when you???re working with the Macintosh computer.

mIf you have additional equipment to connect to your computer, see Chapter 4, ???Connecting Additional Equipment,??? for instructions. (If you are a new Macintosh user, you should complete ???Learning the Basics??? before connecting additional equipment.)

mIf you have application programs that you want to install on your computer, see Chapter 5, ???Installing and Using Application Programs,??? for instructions. (If you are a new Macintosh user, you should complete ???Learning the Basics??? before installing application programs.)

IMPORTANT If you need to turn off your computer at any point, read the instructions in ???Turning the Computer Off??? later in this chapter to learn the correct procedure for turning off your Macintosh PowerBook computer.

Learning the basics

If you are new to the Macintosh, you should begin by looking at the easy-to-use program called the Macintosh Tutorial. The tutorial teaches you the basic skills you???ll need to use your computer. To start the tutorial, follow these steps:

1Move your finger on the trackpad to move the arrow pointer (8) on the screen.

Place your index finger on the trackpad and your thumb on the trackpad button. Don???t press the trackpad button yet.

Move your finger across the trackpad, watching the arrow on the screen. Notice that the arrow on the screen moves in the same direction that you move your finger on the trackpad.

The trackpad is sensitive not only to the direction you move your finger, but also to how fast you move your finger. If you want the pointer to move a short distance across the screen, you move your finger slowly across the trackpad. The faster you move your finger, the farther the pointer moves on the screen.

18 Chapter 1

Tips for using the trackpad

For best results when using the trackpad, keep in mind these tips:

mUse your index finger (left or right hand). Use only one finger.

mUse only your finger on the trackpad. Do not use a pen or any other object.

mExtend your PowerBook???s elevation feet when it is placed on a flat surface. This gives your fingers better access to the keyboard and makes it easier to use the tip of your finger on the surface of

the trackpad.

mSometimes humidity or condensation may cause moisture to gather on the trackpad. If this happens, gently wipe the trackpad with a clean cloth before you use it.

2Move your finger on the trackpad so that the tip of the arrow (8) points to the question mark in the upper-right portion of the screen.

3With the tip of the arrow (8) on the question mark, press and hold down the trackpad button.

A list of choices (called a menu) appears. This is the Guide (h) menu, which is the place to go when you have a question about how to use your computer.

4While holding down the trackpad button, move the arrow (8) until the words ???Macintosh

Tutorial??? are highlighted, then release the trackpad button.

A window appears welcoming you to the tutorial. You can set aside this book for now and follow the instructions you see on the screen. When you have completed the tutorial, return to this book.

Reviewing the basics

You can use the following illustrations to review the elements you use on your screen to do work with your computer.

Icons

Menu

Window

Control Strip

Menus

The strip across the top of the screen is called the menu bar. The symbols and words in it represent menus of commands. To open a menu, place the pointer on the symbol or word for the menu and press and hold down the trackpad button.

Application menu

You can have several application programs open at once. To see which program is active or to switch from one program to another, use this menu (called the Application menu).

20 Chapter 1

Icons

Icons are small pictures that represent disks, programs, documents, and folders. You can double-click any icon to open it and see what it contains.

This icon represents your computer???s internal hard disk.

Icons like this one represent application programs, which you use to create documents and do other work.

Icons like this one represent documents, which you can create and edit.

Icons like this represent folders. A folder contains other icons.

To throw away an item you no longer want, drag it to the Trash icon and choose Empty Trash from the Special menu.

Control Strip

The Control Strip gives you a quick and easy way to monitor and update your PowerBook???s power management options and other useful features. For instructions on using the Control Strip, see ???How do I use the Control Strip???? in the ???Customizing Your Computer??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Turning the computer off

Always use one of the following methods to shut down the computer. If you don???t, you risk losing any work you haven???t previously saved on a disk. You also risk losing any open documents.

Turning the computer off with the Power key

To turn the computer off, press the Power key. Detailed instructions follow.

1If the computer is in sleep, press the Power key (or any key on the keyboard except Caps Lock) to wake it.

For information on the sleep feature of your Macintosh PowerBook, see ???Putting the Computer to Sleep,??? next.

2Press and hold the Power key for about two seconds.

The following dialog box appears on the screen:

3 Press the Return key on the keyboard (or click the Shut Down button in the dialog box).

22 Chapter 1

Turning the computer off with the Shut Down command

You can also turn your computer off by using the Shut Down command in the Special menu. Follow these steps:

1If the computer is in sleep, press the Power key (or any key on the keyboard except Caps Lock) to wake it.

2Move the tip of the arrow to the word ???Special??? at the top center of the screen.

If the word ???Special??? does not appear at the top of the screen, you???re not working in the Finder. Choose Finder from the Application menu at the far-right end of the menu bar.

3With the tip of the arrow on the word ???Special,??? press and hold down the trackpad button.

4While holding down the trackpad button, move the arrow until the words ???Shut Down??? are highlighted, then release the button.

Trouble? If a problem with the computer prevents you from using the Power key or choosing Shut Down???for example, if the computer ???freezes??? so that the pointer does not respond to the trackpad???you can restart the computer by pressing the Command (x), Control, and Power keys simultaneously. If the computer doesn???t restart, press the reset button (marked with an I) on the back of the computer. Use this method only if you cannot choose Shut Down or Restart when you press the Power key, or if you cannot choose either command from the Special menu.

Putting the computer to sleep

Sleep is a power conservation feature of Macintosh PowerBook computers that lets you instantly restart the computer and bypass the startup process. You can extend the period of time your battery will power the computer by putting the PowerBook to sleep when you won???t be using it for several minutes or hours. The length of time the computer can be left in sleep depends on the charge state of the battery.

When the computer is in sleep, it has a darkened screen and appears to be off. A small green light flashes on the top of the display case when the computer is in sleep. (Note: The computer must be on in order for you to put it to sleep.)

To put the computer to sleep, do this:

1Press and hold the Power key for about two seconds.

2Click the Sleep button.

WARNING Once you put your computer to sleep, listen for the hard disk to stop spinning before you move your Macintosh PowerBook. Moving your Macintosh PowerBook with the hard disk spinning can damage your computer.

Other ways of putting your computer to sleep

mYou can choose the Sleep command from the Special menu to put your computer to sleep.

24 Chapter 1

mYou can also put your computer to sleep by closing and latching the display.

When the computer is in sleep, a small green light flashes in the upper- right corner of the display.

Sleep indicator

For information on other ways of putting the computer to sleep, see the ???Batteries & Power??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. (You can learn more about using Mac OS Guide in Chapter 2 of this manual.)

Automatic sleep

If you don???t use the computer for several minutes, it goes to sleep automatically. This conserves battery power.

To wake the computer, press any key on the keyboard (except Caps Lock). The screen will reappear as it was before the computer went to sleep.

You can control the automatic sleep feature. For more information on sleep and automatic sleep, see the ???Batteries & Power??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. (You can learn more about using Mac OS Guide in Chapter 2 of this manual.)

Restarting a computer that???s already on

You need to restart your computer???turn it off and back on again???when you want to make certain changes to settings, use a newly installed system software file, or start up the computer using a different disk.

You may also need to restart if you see a ???system error??? message on the screen (indicating a temporary software problem). In this case, use the trackpad to click the Restart button that appears.

Follow these instructions to restart your computer:

1Press and hold the Power key for about two seconds.

2Click the Restart button.

You can also do this to restart:

m Choose Restart from the Special menu.

If the Special menu does not appear in the menu bar, you???re not working in the Finder. Click anywhere on the desktop to return to the Finder.

When you choose Restart, the computer prompts you to save your work, closes all open programs, and restarts itself.

Restarting using either of the methods outlined above does not affect your RAM disk (if you created one) or its contents.

26 Chapter 1

Trouble? If a problem with the computer prevents you from using the Power key or choosing Restart???for example, if the computer ???freezes??? so that the pointer does not respond to the trackpad???you can restart the computer by pressing the Command (x), Control, and Power keys simultaneously.

If the computer doesn???t restart, press the reset button (marked with an I) on the back of the computer. (If the computer is on but ???frozen,??? pressing the reset button will turn off the computer. You will then need to press the Power key to turn it on.) Use this method only if you cannot choose Shut Down or Restart from the dialog box that appears when you press the Power key, or if you cannot choose either command from the Special menu.

Getting answers to your questions

When you have a question while working with your computer, you can get the answer by choosing Mac OS Guide from the Guide menu. (You may occasionally see a reference to Macintosh Guide. It is the same as

Mac OS Guide.)

1Open the Application menu (in the upper-right corner of the screen) and choose Finder to make it the active application program.

A checkmark in the menu indicates that the Finder is the active program.

2 Open the Guide menu (marked with the hicon) and choose Mac OS Guide.

The Mac OS Guide window appears.

30 Chapter 2

Whenever you use Mac OS Guide, its window remains in front of other windows. If the window gets in your way, you can move it by dragging its title bar (the gray bar across the top of the window).

3 Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For.

Mac OS Guide gives you three ways of finding information:

mTopics lets you choose from a list of general subjects; it is like the table of contents in a book.

mIndex lets you choose from an alphabetical list of more specific subjects; it is like the index in a book.

mLook For lets you search for information related to a specific word or phrase that you type.

In the following sections you will practice using each method.

If you have problems while using Mac OS Guide, see ???Tips for Using Mac OS Guide??? later in this chapter.

Getting answers with the Topics button

1In the Mac OS Guide window, click the Topics button.

A list of general topics appears on the left side of the Mac OS Guide window. (Depending on the hardware and software you have, the list of topics may look different.)

2In the list of topics, click ???Customizing Your Computer.???

When you click any topic area, a list of related questions appears on the right side of the Mac OS Guide window.

To get instructions, click a question???

???and then click OK.

32 Chapter 2

3Click the question ???How do I set the time and date???? and then click OK. Or double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

4Read and follow the instructions in this window.

Mac OS Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to see the next step.

5When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to return to the main Mac OS Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Getting answers with the Index button

1In the Mac OS Guide window, click the Index button.

An alphabetical list of subjects appears on the left side of the window.

Slider

Scroll bar

2Scroll through the alphabetical list until the phrase ???background pattern??? is visible.

You can scroll through the list either by dragging the slider to the letter B or by using the scroll bar at the right of the list.

3Click the phrase ???background pattern??? in the alphabetical list.

When you click any index entry, a list of related questions appears on the right side of the Mac OS Guide window.

To get instructions, click a question???

???and then click OK.

4Click the question ???How do I change the background pattern???? and then click OK. Or double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

34 Chapter 2

5Read and follow the instructions in the window.

Mac OS Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to see the next step.

6When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to return to the main Mac OS Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Getting answers with the Look For button

1In the Mac OS Guide window, click the Look For button.

A small box in which you can type text appears on the left side of the window.

To activate the text box, click here.

Type a word or phrase in the text box???

???and then click here.

2 Click the arrow button to activate the text box.

3Type ???sound??? in the text box, then click Search.

When you click Search, a list of questions related to the word or phrase you typed appears on the right side of the Mac OS Guide window.

To get instructions, click a question???

???and then click OK.

4Click the question ???How do I change the alert (beep) sound???? and then click OK. Or double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

If you want to close Mac OS Guide, click here.

Click here to see the next step (if there is one).

5Read and follow the instructions in the window.

Mac OS Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to display the next step.

6When you have completed all the steps, click the close box in the upper-left corner to close Mac OS Guide.

36 Chapter 2

Tips for using Mac OS Guide

Here are a few tips for using Mac OS Guide effectively:

mMac OS Guide is available only when you are in the Finder???the desktop area where you can see the icons of disks, folders, and files. (Other programs may also have help available in the Guide menu, however.) If you don???t see Mac OS Guide in the Guide menu, open the Application menu (to the right of the Guide menu) and choose Finder.

mFollow the steps when you???re instructed to; don???t skip ahead or read ahead. That way the computer can check to make sure you???ve done a step correctly.

mUnlike most windows, the Mac OS Guide window stays in front of other windows on the screen so that your instructions are never covered. If you need to move the Guide window out of the way, drag it by the title bar at the top of the window.

You can also move the window out of the way by clicking the zoom box. Click the box once to shrink the window; click it a second time to expand the window to its original size.

mIf you need more information about an instruction or a term, click the button labeled ???Huh???? to get a further explanation. (The ???Huh???? button is dimmed when no additional information is available.)

mIf you want to return to the main Mac OS Guide window, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner of the Guide window.

mWhen you???re finished using Mac OS Guide, click the close box in the upper-left corner of the window.

Zoom box

Right arrow

Identifying what???s on your computer screen

Sometimes you???ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself, ???What???s that???? You can get an answer by using a Macintosh feature known as Balloon Help.

Using balloons like those you see in comic strips, Balloon Help explains the function of icons, menus, commands, and other items on the Macintosh screen.

Follow these steps to use Balloon Help:

1 Open the Guide menu (marked with the hicon) and choose Show Balloons.

2Point to any object on the screen that you want to identify.

A balloon appears next to the object. In the following illustration, for example, pointing to the Trash displays a balloon that explains how to use the Trash to throw items away.

Although balloons appear next to items when you point to them, the way you work does not change; you can still select icons, choose commands, and so on.

3When you???re finished using Balloon Help, open the Guide menu again and choose Hide Balloons.

38 Chapter 2

Learning useful shortcuts

You can perform many tasks in the Finder more quickly if you use keyboard or trackpad shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking an icon and choosing Open from the File menu, you can simply double-click the icon to open it.

Follow these steps to learn keyboard and trackpad shortcuts:

1Open the Guide menu (marked with the hicon) and choose Shortcuts.

The main Macintosh Shortcuts window appears.

2Click one of the category buttons.

Another window appears, describing shortcuts for that category.

If you want to close the window, click here.

3Read about the shortcuts available for the category you selected.

Click the right arrow in the lower-right corner of the window to display the next window (if there is one).

4When you finish reading about the shortcuts for your category, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to return to the main Macintosh Shortcuts window. Or click the close box in the upper-left corner to close the window.

40 Chapter 2

Removing an expansion bay module

To remove an expansion bay module from your Macintosh PowerBook, follow these steps:

1Quit any application programs or files that are using the floppy disk or compact disc (CD) or other medium inserted in the expansion bay module.

Remember to save your work.

2If a floppy disk or CD is inserted in the module, click its icon to select it and drag its icon to the Trash (or choose Put Away from the File menu).

You should not remove the module if a disk is in use. If you have any other kind of optional expansion bay module, make sure you drag the icon for its media to the Trash or select the icon and choose Put Away from the

File menu.

3Unlock the expansion bay module by sliding the module release latch on the bottom of your Macintosh PowerBook in the direction of the arrow.

To unlock the module, slide the latch on the underside of the computer.

42 Chapter 3

4 Hold the module by the gripping surface and pull it out of the computer.

Hold the module by the gripping surface and pull it completely out of the computer.

Gripping surface

The module release latch automatically slides back into its proper position as you remove the module.

IMPORTANT You should not remove an expansion bay module if it is in use or you may lose data. If you try to remove the module when it is in use, you???ll see a message telling you to reinsert it. Reinsert the module, quit any files or programs that may be using the floppy disk (or other medium inserted in the module), then select the disk???s icon and choose Put Away from the File menu or drag the disk???s icon to the Trash. (If the module contains the startup disk, you can???t remove the module or drag the disk to the Trash.)

To be sure that you don???t get another in-use message, wait 5 seconds after quitting programs and ejecting a disk before you remove the module.

If you put your computer to sleep while a floppy disk or other medium is inserted, the green in-use light to the left of the module will flash (similar to the sleep indicator light on your computer???s display). You should not remove the module while the in-use light is on or flashing. (The exception is that it???s all right to remove a module while the computer is in sleep.)

Inserting an expansion bay module

To reinsert the expansion bay module, slide the module in. Make sure the gripping surface is facing down. The release button automatically returns to the locked position.

Be sure the module is completely inserted. If it does not insert properly, reset the module release latch to the unlocked position (as in step 3 earlier) before reinserting the module.

Note that the expansion bay can use a wide component, such as the 5.25-inch CD-ROM drive, or a narrower component, such as the 3.5-inch floppy disk drive. When a narrower device is in the expansion bay, a small flap covers the empty part of the bay. When a wider drive is inserted, the flap folds into

the bay.

Flap for narrow module

44 Chapter 3

Using a CD in the CD-ROM drive

If you have the optional CD-ROM drive, you insert or remove the drive in the same way as any other module.

Inserting a disc

To load a compact disc in the drive, follow these steps:

1Start up the PowerBook, if it???s not already on.

2Press the Open button on the outside of the CD-ROM module to open its tray.

The tray opens (partially).

(If the tray doesn???t open, a disc may already be in the drive. Drag its icon to the Trash to open the tray. You???ll see a message if the disc is in use.)

3Pull the tray all the way open and place a CD-ROM disc in the tray, with the label facing up.

Make sure the disc is lying flat in the tray and is seated firmly on the spindle. Avoid touching the drive???s lens.

Insert the disc, label side up.

4 Push the tray in to close it.

Note: When the CD-ROM drive is in use, you may notice some vibration as the compact disc spins rapidly. Certain discs can cause the drive to vibrate because they have heavily inked artwork or a label that creates an imbalance as the drive spins.

Some vibration is not unusual for a high-speed CD-ROM drive. To minimize vibration from unbalanced compact discs, do not put labels on your CDs.

In addition, place the computer on a flat, solid surface when using the CD-ROM drive.

Keep the CD-ROM drive???s tray closed except when loading discs. This prevents dust from getting inside the mechanism. Also be sure to keep CDs free of dust and grease.

46 Chapter 3

Ejecting a disc

Follow these instructions to open the tray and eject a CD-ROM disc from the drive:

1Open the tray.

There are several ways to open the tray of your CD-ROM drive.

If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, do one of the following: m Select the disc icon on your screen and drag the icon to the Trash.

m Click the disc icon and choose the Put Away command in the File menu.

m While the CD player???s window is active, choose Eject CD from the File menu, or simultaneously press the x and E keys. (Do not remove the module if you use this method of ejecting the disc.)

m Use the pop-up menu in the CD section of the Control Strip to eject a CD.

If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, do this: m Press the Open button on your CD-ROM drive.

2Take the disc out of the tray.

Store your disc in a safe place, away from heat, dust, and moisture.

3Push the tray in to close it.

To avoid possible damage to the tray or the drive, keep the tray closed when you are not using it.

If you still can???t eject a disk, try this method:

If the standard methods of ejecting a CD do not work (or the computer is shut down), you can eject the disc manually. Carefully insert the end of a straightened paper clip into the small hole near the CD-ROM drive???s opening, and push firmly until the tray disengages. Pull the tray open, remove the disc, and close the tray.

Insert the end of a large, straightened paper clip into this hole.

48 Chapter 3

Locking an expansion bay module

You can purchase a security cable and lock to protect your Macintosh

PowerBook. With a lock, you can do the following:

msecure your computer to a desk or table

mlock the expansion bay module and battery in your computer

See your Apple-authorized dealer or computer retailer for details on what security devices are available.

Security slot

Expansion bay module

Sample locking device with security cable

Battery

Note: You can protect the contents on your hard disk by turning on password protection in the Password Security control panel. For information on this control panel, see ???How do I turn password security on and off???? in the ???Setting Options??? section of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using PC Cards (PCMCIA cards)

PC Cards (also known as PCMCIA cards) are about the size of a thick credit card and have a 68-pin connector at one end. They come in many varieties, such as fax/modem cards, mass-storage cards, Ethernet connection cards, and wireless communication cards. You can use PC Cards to expand your Macintosh PowerBook???s capabilities.

This section describes how to insert and eject PC Cards, and how to set up your communications software to use PC Card modems. For information on using PC Cards, see the ???Using PC Cards??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Your Macintosh PowerBook has two PC Card slots: an upper slot and a lower slot. You can insert a card into either slot, or you can use both slots simultaneously.

There are three types of PC Cards. The different types refer to the thickness of the card. A Type I card is 3.3 millimeters (mm) thick, a Type II card is

5 mm thick, and a Type III card is 10.5 mm thick. Make sure you check the documentation that came with your PC Card to verify that it is compatible with your Macintosh PowerBook.

WARNING Make sure you only use cards that are designated by the PC Card manufacturer as compatible with your Macintosh PowerBook. If you use an incompatible card, you may damage the card or your PowerBook. If you are not sure whether a PC Card is compatible with your PowerBook, contact the PC Card manufacturer.

You can place a Type I or Type II card in either the upper or lower slot. You can place a Type III card only in the lower slot. When a Type III card is in the lower slot, you cannot use the upper slot. You may find it useful to get in the habit of always using the lower slot to make sure the card you are using is properly inserted.

A special type of PC Card supports ???zoom video,??? a method of showing full- motion video images in a window on the computer???s screen. Your PowerBook is designed to use a zoom video card, but this type of card must be placed in the lower PC Card slot.

50 Chapter 3

Inserting a PC Card

To insert a card, do this:

m Insert the card, connector first and label up, into the slot. Make sure the card is level.

A Type I or Type II PC Card can be inserted in either the upper or lower slot.

A Type III PC Card

must be inserted in the lower slot.

You???ll feel some resistance as you slide the card in. When the card is firmly seated, you will feel it click into place. Consult the card???s documentation for details of its use.

An icon for the PC Card appears on the desktop.

You are now ready to use the card.

Ejecting a PC Card

Your computer must be on or off to eject a PC Card. You cannot eject a PC Card when the computer is in sleep.

IMPORTANT Before you eject a card, make sure that nothing is blocking the card???s slot. If you want to use the card again immediately, pull it out about an inch more and then push it back in. (If you don???t follow this procedure and you try to push the card back in to use it again, the card will not engage properly.)

To eject a PC Card when the computer is on, follow these steps:

1If the computer is in sleep, press the Power key (or any key on the keyboard except Caps Lock) to wake it.

2Click the PC Card???s icon to select it.

3Drag the card???s icon to the Trash.

4Pull the card out of the slot.

IMPORTANT Do not pull or force a PC Card out of the slot. Doing so may damage your computer or PC Card.

Other ways to eject a PC Card when the computer is on include the following: m Click the card???s icon to select it. Open the File menu and choose Put Away.

After the card is ejected, pull it out of the slot.

m Click the card???s icon to select it. Open the Special menu and choose Eject PC Card. After the card is ejected, pull it out of the slot. (If a dimmed icon of the card remains on the desktop, you can drag it to the Trash.)

52 Chapter 3

To eject a PC Card when the computer is on or off, do this:

mPress the eject button next to the slot containing the PC Card you want to eject. (The eject buttons do not work if your computer is in sleep.) If the card is not in use, it will usually be ejected.

Try to use the eject buttons only when the computer is turned off. Many PC Cards won???t eject when the button is pressed if the computer is on.

Press the eject button next to the slot with the PC Card in it.

If you can???t eject a card

If you are unable to eject a card, follow these steps:

1Straighten one end of a paper clip.

2Insert the end of the straightened paper clip into the hole next to the slot that contains the card, and press gently but firmly until the card is ejected.

If you can???t eject a card, insert the end of a straightened paper clip into the hole next to the slot. This hole is for the upper slot.

This hole is for the lower slot.

3 Pull the card out of the slot.

Setting the computer not to eject storage PC Cards at startup

If a you have a storage PC Card, such as an SRAM card or an ATA hard disk, in either slot, the card will be ejected when the computer starts up. To prevent excessive wear on PC Card connectors and slots, you can use the Startup Disk control panel to keep storage PC Cards from ejecting when you turn on the computer. (Other types of PC Cards, such as a modem or Ethernet card, are not ejected at startup.)

54 Chapter 3

Follow these steps to avoid having a storage PC Card eject at startup:

1Open the Startup Disk control panel.

If you need instructions for opening the control panel, see ???How do I make a

disk the startup disk???? in the Disks topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

2Click the icon for the computer???s hard disk to select it.

3Close the control panel.

The PC Card storage device will no longer eject at startup.

Using a zoom video PC Card

The lower PC Card slot in the PowerBook 3400 series computer has circuitry for handling video signals, called ???zoom video.??? Some independent manufacturers offer PC Cards to which you can provide a video signal or which allow you to connect a video camera. The zoom video PC Card is a Type II card; it can only be used in the lower slot (because the special circuitry needed for video signals is located in that slot).

With a zoom video card in the lower PC Card slot, the PowerBook can display video on the computer???s screen or on an external monitor. Video signals are sent directly to the video controller, so that the computer can display full- motion video while performing other tasks at the same time.

If you purchase a zoom video PC Card, be sure that it has software that works with your PowerBook.

Using a PC Card modem

When you are using a PC Card modem, make sure you do the following:

1Install the communications software you want to use, as well as any software that came with your modem.

PC Card modems work with your communications software by providing compatibility with a feature of your Macintosh PowerBook???s software called the Communications Toolbox.

See the documentation that came with your modem and your communications software for instructions on setting up a PC Card modem for each application. Check to see if PC Card modem files for your software were included.

Modem files for some communications programs, including Apple Remote Access (ARA), come on your Macintosh PowerBook???s hard disk. The instructions for setting up your modem with one of these application programs are given in the section below. You can get other modem files from the manufacturer of your modem or your communications software. You can use the steps given below for setting up ARA as guidelines for setting up your PC Card modem with other types of communications software if you are having trouble connecting.

2Insert the PC Card modem.

When a PC Card modem is inserted, an icon like the one pictured below appears on the desktop:

Some card manufacturers may use a custom icon.

3Plug your modem into a working phone line.

4Follow instructions for setting up your modem with the communications software you are using.

Using Apple Remote Access with a PC Card modem

Apple Remote Access uses modem files (sometimes called connection scripts or CCLs) to get the best performance from some modems. Follow these steps to select your modem file:

1Insert your PC Card modem.

2Open the ARA application program.

56 Chapter 3

3Open Remote Access Setup.

The following screen appears:

Select the modem you are using here.

Also select your PC Card modem here; or select the Data Port, if your program???s instructions specify it.

4Choose your modem from the Modem pop-up menu.

If your PC Card modem is not listed, check the software or materials that came with your modem. If you find the file for your modem and ARA, drag it to the Modem Scripts folder inside the Extensions folder (which is in the System Folder).

If you can???t find the file for your modem and ARA, try using an existing modem file from the pop-up menu (such as a different model from the same manufacturer). One choice provided is Generic PC Card Modem, which is designed to provide basic modem operations. If this doesn???t help, you may need to get a modem file from your PC Card modem???s manufacturer.

5Choose the port for your PC Card modem.

The port shows the modem name or type, rather than the name of the

PC Card slot. Some programs use a virtual port, the Data Port, to allow fax and data applications to share the modem. See the instructions that came with your modem and communications software to determine the specific setup procedure.

You must reselect the port if you remove the modem and later put it in the other slot.

Read this chapter for information on

expanding your computer system

with additional hardware.

4 Connecting Additional Equipment

The illustration below shows where equipment should be connected to your Macintosh PowerBook. In most cases, you should refer to the manuals that came with your equipment for instructions on connecting them. The safest course is always to shut down your Macintosh PowerBook before you connect any cable other than the power adapter, although you can connect external devices to the sound port, printer/external modem port, or expansion port while the computer is on.

59

Additional information is provided in this chapter for adding the following devices to your computer system:

mprinters

mexternal modems

mSCSI devices

mexternal monitors

msound input and output devices

ma mouse, keyboard, or other ADB device

madditional memory

Connecting a printer

The modem/printer port on your computer can accept either a direct connection (to a printer such as a StyleWriter) or a LocalTalk network connection (to a printer such as a LaserWriter). See the manual that came with your printer for specific information about the type of connection it requires.

To connect a printer directly to your Macintosh PowerBook using the modem/printer port, follow these steps:

1Connect your printer as instructed in the manual that came with your printer.

2Open the Chooser from the Apple (K) menu.

3Turn off AppleTalk by clicking the Inactive button in the AppleTalk section.

Note: If you are using an Ethernet connection or a network printer, you don???t have to turn AppleTalk off.

4In the Chooser, select the icon for the type of printer you connected.

If you need detailed instructions for using the Chooser, see ???How do I select

a printer???? in the Printing topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

The printer is ready to use.

60 Chapter 4

Connecting an external modem

You can use a PC Card modem in your computer???s PC Card slot. For information on connecting and using a PC Card modem, see the documentation that came with your modem, as well as ???Using a PC Card Modem??? in the section ???Using PC Cards (PCMCIA Cards)??? in Chapter 3 of this manual, and the ???Using PC Cards??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

You can also connect an external modem to the modem/printer port on the back panel of the computer. The modem/printer port is GeoPort compatible.

To connect an external modem, follow these steps:

1Make sure the computer is in sleep or shut down.

2Connect the modem to a power source and to the phone line.

3Make sure the modem is turned off.

4Connect the modem cable to the port marked with this icon:

5Turn on the modem.

6Wake or restart the computer.

7Open the Chooser and select the icon for a network printer (such as LaserWriter).

You must select a printer to be sure that the modem/printer port is available for the modem.

8Turn off AppleTalk in the Chooser.

If you see a message, click OK.

Note: If you are using an Ethernet or infrared connection, you don???t need to turn AppleTalk off.

The external modem is ready to use.

Connecting SCSI devices

A SCSI device is any product???including hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives, and scanners???that communicates with your computer by means of a standard electronic interface. (SCSI stands for Small Computer System Interface.) You can attach up to seven SCSI devices to your computer by linking them together in a chain that starts at your computer???s SCSI port.

To connect a SCSI device to your Macintosh PowerBook, you need an Apple HDI-30 SCSI System Cable or equivalent. This cable is light gray, is about 19 inches long, and has 29 pins (one ???missing??? pin).

Refer to the manuals that came with your SCSI devices for instructions on installing any necessary software, setting SCSI ID numbers, and connecting SCSI cables and SCSI terminators. Refer to the illustrations on the next page for the proper positioning of SCSI terminators. A SCSI chain of devices must include a terminator attached to the first and last devices in the chain (but nowhere else in the chain). Some devices include internal terminators. Your Macintosh PowerBook is internally terminated.

The names and the part numbers of the cables mentioned in this chapter are the following:

WARNING When connecting SCSI equipment, always turn off power to all devices in the chain, including your computer. If you don???t, you could lose information and damage your equipment.

62 Chapter 4

Where to add cable terminators when connecting a single SCSI device

Terminator

HDI-30 SCSI system cable (If this SCSI device has an internal terminator, omit this external terminator.)

Where to add cable terminators when connecting two or more SCSI devices

Using your Macintosh PowerBook as a hard disk

You can purchase a cable called the Apple HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter that lets you connect your Macintosh PowerBook to another computer as a hard disk. The PowerBook internal drive appears on the desktop of the other computer as a hard disk icon, and you can transfer information between the computers by dragging files. This feature is called SCSI disk mode.

The Apple HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter cable is dark gray, is about 10 inches long, and has 30 pins.

IMPORTANT Whenever you use your PowerBook in SCSI disk mode, be sure that the power adapter is plugged in. If you connect the PowerBook as a SCSI disk under battery power, the battery???s low-power warning will not be displayed and the computer may shut down because the battery is drained.

Connecting your computer as a hard disk

Before making any connections, you need to assign a unique SCSI ID number to the PowerBook. (The unique ID number allows the computer to communicate with several connected devices.)

1Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu of your PowerBook.

2Open the PowerBook Setup control panel.

3In the SCSI disk mode section of the control panel, click the ID number you want to assign.

If you are connecting the Macintosh PowerBook to an existing SCSI chain, make sure to give it an ID number different from those of the other devices. (Many devices include an ID number indicator on the back panel.)

4Close the PowerBook Setup control panel.

5Press the Power (P) key on the PowerBook once to get the Shut Down dialog box and click Shut Down to turn the PowerBook off.

6Shut down the computer you are connecting to and turn off any other devices in the SCSI chain.

WARNING Always shut down the PowerBook before connecting or disconnecting the SCSI disk adapter cable. Connecting the adapter cable while the computer is turned on can damage the computer.

7Connect the small connector on the Apple HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter to the SCSI port on your PowerBook.

64 Chapter 4

8If you are connecting the Macintosh PowerBook directly to the other computer (rather than to an external device in the SCSI chain), attach a SCSI system cable to the other computer.

9Connect the large connector on the Apple HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter cable to a SCSI cable attached to the SCSI port on the last device in the SCSI chain, or to the SCSI system cable on the other computer.

10Turn on the PowerBook by pressing the Power key.

After a few seconds a SCSI icon appears on the screen, showing the ID number you assigned in step 3.

WARNING If you do not see the SCSI icon, and the computer starts up normally or displays an error message, press the Power key to shut down (if you can) and then immediately disconnect your computer from the SCSI chain. (If you can???t choose Shut Down, try pressing the reset button. If you cannot shut down your Macintosh PowerBook, you should disconnect the cable anyway, or you may lose information.) Then go back and repeat steps 5 through 10, making sure to use the proper cables.

You may not be able to have password protection turned on in the Password Security control panel while using your PowerBook in SCSI disk mode. Turn password protection off if you experience problems. See ???How do I turn password security on and off??? in the ???Setting Options??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

11Turn on the other SCSI devices in the chain, if any.

12Turn on the other computer.

The PowerBook???s internal drive appears as a hard disk icon on the screen of the computer you connected it to. You can now transfer and use files as if the Macintosh PowerBook were an external disk drive.

Drawing battery power in SCSI disk mode

Your Macintosh PowerBook continues to draw battery power when you use it as a hard disk. Therefore, it is preferable to connect the power adapter whenever you use the computer in SCSI disk mode.

IMPORTANT If you use the PowerBook in SCSI disk mode under battery power, the battery may be drained and the computer shut down without a warning appearing on the screen.

In some instances a low power indicator may be displayed. This symbol is a blinking low-power warning on the PowerBook???s screen, like the icon below.

If you see this warning while using your computer as a hard disk, either plug in the power adapter or quit SCSI disk mode, as described in the next section, so you can recharge the battery.

Quitting SCSI disk mode

1Shut down the computer your PowerBook is connected to.

2Press the Power (??) key once on the PowerBook to get the Shut Down dialog box.

3Turn off any other SCSI devices in the chain.

4Disconnect the PowerBook from the adapter cable.

IMPORTANT Do not leave the adapter cable attached to the PowerBook. If you do, the computer will behave as though it is still in SCSI disk mode when you try to restart.

5If necessary, disconnect the adapter cable from the other computer or its SCSI chain.

Your equipment is now ready for normal use. If you disconnected the adapter cable from the other computer or SCSI chain, make sure that the SCSI chain is properly terminated.

66 Chapter 4

Using an external monitor

You can connect an external monitor to your Macintosh PowerBook. If you are familiar with other PowerBook models, you will note that the types of monitors you can use with this model and the way images are displayed on an external monitor differ somewhat from other PowerBook computers.

To make the best choice of an external monitor, keep in mind the following characteristics of your PowerBook???s hardware.

mYour PowerBook can support a variety of external monitors, including 17-inch and 20-inch multiple-scan displays. Resolutions supported range from 512 x 384 pixels to 1024 x 768 pixels.

mThe connector on the computer???s back panel is a VGA-style connector. You can connect the cable for a VGA-style monitor directly to your PowerBook.

mTo connect an Apple (or Apple-compatible) monitor to your PowerBook, you must use the adapter that came with the computer (part number M0289).

mImages can appear on the internal display, the external monitor, or both screens, depending on your choice of resolution on the external monitor.

mWhen an image appears on both screens, it is exactly the same (known as ???simulscan??? or mirroring). You cannot move the pointer or menu bar from one screen to the other (as you can when an external monitor is connected to other PowerBook models or to most Macintosh desktop models).

mWhen an external monitor offers the same resolution as the PowerBook???s internal display (800 x 600 pixels at 60 hertz [Hz] refresh rate), the image appears on both screens the first time you turn on the computer (unless the PowerBook???s display is closed).

mThe PowerBook is designed to be ???plug-and-play??? when an external monitor is attached. If the monitor is Apple-compatible, the PowerBook tries to use the highest resolution possible. If the external monitor is not Apple-compatible but provides a list of its capabilities, the system uses that list of resolutions. If no list of resolutions is provided by the monitor, the system uses a resolution of either 800 x 600 pixels or 640 x 480 pixels as the default for that monitor.

mIf the PowerBook starts up with the display closed (called ???docking mode???) and an external monitor is attached, the PowerBook???s display does not turn on and the display???s resolution (800 x 600) is not listed in the resolution section of the Control Strip.

For complete instructions on adjusting the resolution for an external monitor, see the ???Monitors??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Your PowerBook has an external monitor port to which you can connect most Apple monitors and VGA or SVGA monitors. To connect an Apple or Apple- compatible monitor, you must use the adapter that came with the computer.

The list below shows a sampling of the external monitors and resolutions supported by your PowerBook. Many other monitors are also supported.

* An asterisk indicates the startup resolution. Other resolutions can be selected using the Control Strip.

??? Bits per pixel indicate the number of colors a monitor can display at a given resolution. For example, 1 bit = 4 colors; 4 bits = 16 colors; 8 bits = 256 colors; 16 bits = thousands of colors; and 24 bits = millions of colors.

Connecting an external monitor

To connect an external monitor to your PowerBook, follow these steps. Also consult the documentation that came with the monitor.

1Press the Power (??) key once to get the Shut Down dialog box.

2Click Shut Down or Sleep.

If you connect a monitor with your computer turned on, the computer will not recognize the monitor.

68 Chapter 4

3Place the monitor near to the PowerBook.

Keep the computer and the monitor at least 8 inches apart. Interference between the monitor and your computer???s floppy disk drive can cause errors on your floppy disks.

Floppy drive

8 inches minimum

Arrange the monitor so the top of the screen is slightly below eye level while you work. Position the monitor to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from lights and windows.

4Make sure the monitor???s power cord is attached to the monitor. Plug the other end into a grounded outlet or power strip.

If your monitor???s power cord is designed to plug into the power receptacle on the back of a computer, rather than into an electrical outlet, you can obtain a cord with the correct plug from your Apple-authorized dealer.

If you are using a power strip, make sure it is turned on.

5If you are connecting an Apple or Apple-compatible monitor, locate the adapter that came with your computer and attach it to one end of the external monitor???s cable.

The monitor adapter is a small plastic and metal device that is the same granite color as the computer. The part number M0289 is on the adapter.

If you are connecting a VGA or SVGA monitor (that is, one that is not Apple- compatible), skip this step.

6Make sure the other end of the monitor???s cable is attached to the monitor. Then attach the end of the cable (with the monitor adapter, if it???s an Apple-compatible monitor) to the external monitor port on the back of the PowerBook.

External monitor port

Monitor cable

(to Macintosh-compatible monitor)

7Turn on the external monitor.

8Press the Power (??) key to turn on your computer. (You can press any key if your

PowerBook is in sleep.)

The external monitor is automatically activated. You can use the Control Strip

to change the resolution on the monitor. See the ???Monitors??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu, for instructions.

Trouble with the external monitor?

mNothing happened when you tried to turn on the PowerBook.

Make sure that all your equipment is connected properly. Then try pressing the Power (??) key again.

Make sure that the battery is charged, or that the power adapter is plugged into both the computer and an electrical outlet. If you are using a power strip, make sure it is turned on.

mThe computer is on, but the external monitor is dark.

Make sure that the monitor???s power cord is connected and that its power switch is on. Try adjusting the monitor???s brightness and contrast settings. If this doesn???t work, try restarting your computer.

70 Chapter 4

Note: The screen-dimming feature in the PowerBook control panel turns the screen brightness down to a low level when you haven???t used the computer for a few minutes. (You can think of dimming as ???screen sleep.???) Dimming also affects the external monitor. When you move your finger on the trackpad or press a key on the keyboard, the brightness is restored on both screens. For more information on screen dimming, see the ???Batteries & Power??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Disconnecting an external monitor

1Make sure your computer is shut down or in sleep.

2Make sure your monitor is switched off.

3Disconnect the monitor cable (for a VGA-style monitor) or monitor adapter (for an Apple

monitor) from the external monitor port on the computer???s back panel. The port is marked with this icon: ???.

External monitor port

Monitor adapter

(for Macintosh-compatible monitor only)

Monitor cable

(no adapter used for VGA-style monitor)

Connecting sound input and output devices

Your computer has a built-in microphone. In addition, you can connect a PlainTalk microphone to the external sound input port. (You can also connect a standard line-level input microphone, although it is not suitable for speech recognition.)

For information on using the microphone to record sounds, see the ???Sound??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Microphone

Your Macintosh PowerBook also has a stereo sound input port (marked with the ??? icon) for connecting external sound input devices that provide line- level output. You cannot use the internal microphone and an external sound input device, such as a PlainTalk microphone, at the same time. For instructions on selecting a sound device, see the ???Sound??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

72 Chapter 4

IMPORTANT Although the internal microphone is deactivated when an external sound input device is in use, it???s possible to record sound from more than one sound device at the same time. This can occur because the computer merges sound from devices in the expansion bay, such as an audio CD, with sound from the PC Card slots, such as a television tuner card, and from the internal expansion card slot (called PCI). If two or more devices in these locations produce sound, the sound from all of the devices may be recorded when you use the SimpleSound program or the Monitors & Sound control panel to record. To eliminate the sounds you don???t want to record, remove or turn off the device producing those sounds.

The Macintosh PowerBook also has a stereo sound output port (on the left side of the computer???s case, marked with the - icon) to which you can connect externally powered speakers, an amplifier, headphones, or other audio output devices. The sound output port accepts a standard stereo miniplug, like that used to attach headphones to a portable tape player.

Your computer also has four stereo speakers, which play sound from an audio CD in the CD-ROM drive, from an external stereo device connected to the computer through the Sound input port, from a zoom video card in the lower PC Card slot, or from a file on your hard disk.

You can adjust sound output quality in the Monitors & Sound control panel. (For instructions, see the ???Sound??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide [h] menu.) The computer automatically selects the sound output source. If an external device, such as headphones, is connected, sound is routed there; if no external output device is connected, sound plays through the computer???s four speakers.

You can also use the Control Strip to adjust sound volume.

Connecting a mouse, keyboard, or other ADB device

You can connect a mouse, keyboard, graphics tablet, or other Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) device to the ADB port on the left side of the computer???s case, behind the PC Card slots. The ADB port has a small cover, which you open to connect the device.

IMPORTANT You must shut down the computer before connecting an

ADB device.

V Apple Desktop Bus

(ADB) port

Connecting other devices

For instructions on connecting a device not discussed in this chapter???for example, networking hardware???refer to the manuals that came with

the device.

74 Chapter 4

Adding memory to your computer

Your Macintosh PowerBook comes with at least 16 MB of random-access memory (RAM). You can increase your computer???s memory by adding a RAM expansion card. You can find out how much memory your computer has by choosing About This Computer from the Apple (K) menu in the Finder.

You can purchase memory upgrades from Apple-authorized dealers. For complete instructions on installing a RAM expansion card, see Appendix C.

Your Macintosh PowerBook also supports virtual memory, a feature that makes use of hard disk space to provide additional RAM. Your computer comes with virtual memory turned on. For information on using virtual memory, see the ???Memory??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using infrared file transfer

Your Macintosh PowerBook has built-in infrared (IR) communication features that allow you to send and receive data without wires. You can exchange files with another PowerBook or with a desktop Macintosh that is using an external IR module such as Farallon???s AirDock. In addition, you can use IR to make a wireless connection to a network by means of a specialized local area network (LAN) access device, such as Hewlett-Packard???s NetBeamIR or Extended Systems??? JetEye, that is compatible with the Infrared Data Association (IrDA) Standard specifications.

To transfer files, your computer and the other IR device must be within range of each other with the IR windows facing. The range depends on the devices and the method of communication.

Two PowerBook 3400 series computers must be within 5 feet of each other to exchange files using the IRTalk transfer protocol (at 230 kilobits per second). Your computer must be within 3 feet of a LAN access device that complies with the IrDA Standards to make a network connection (at a transfer rate of 1 megabit per second).

You use the Infrared control panel to select the method of IR communication you want to use or to view the status of an IrDA connection. For instructions on IR file transfer, see ???How do I use infrared communication???? in the ???Organizing Your Files??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the

Guide (h) menu.

Learning what your PowerBook can do

You can learn more about the software provided with your computer from an icon on the hard disk called PowerBook 3400 Demo. This demo includes a short explanation of principal features of your PowerBook, as well as tips for getting the most out of your computer.

To get started with your software, follow these steps:

1 Open the Macintosh HD icon (if necessary).

2Double-click the PowerBook 3400 Demo icon.

If you don???t see the demo???s icon, you can find a duplicate copy on the CD that came with your computer.

3Explore the demo???s content to learn about your PowerBook. When you???re finished, click Quit (or choose Quit from the File menu) to leave the demo.

IMPORTANT If you delete the PowerBook 3400 Demo icon, you have not deleted your preinstalled software. (Most of the software is in the Apple Extras and Applications folders on your computer???s hard disk.)

78 Chapter 5

Getting help for application programs

Some application programs that come on your PowerBook (such as the File Assistant program) are documented in their own Apple Guide online help systems. Follow these steps to see if a program has an Apple Guide help system:

1Open the application program.

2Open the Guide (h) menu.

If an item appears in the Guide menu for your application program, choose it. If an item does not appear, then there is no Apple Guide online help for

that program.

Installing application programs

You???ll probably want to buy and install additional application programs. Refer to the manuals you receive with your programs for instructions on installing and using them.

In most cases, you install application programs onto your internal hard disk from floppy disks or a CD that you receive as part of an application program package. The following illustration shows how to insert a floppy disk in the floppy disk drive.

Insert the disk metal end first, label side up.

Working with several programs at a time

You can open as many application programs and desk accessories as your computer???s memory allows.

All open programs are listed in the Application menu at the right end of the menu bar. The name of the active program (the one you???re using right now) has a checkmark next to it, and its icon appears in the menu bar.

You can also switch to another program by clicking in a window that belongs to an open program, or by double-clicking a program icon (or the icon of a document that was created with the program).

80 Chapter 5

Hiding and showing windows on the desktop

You can hide all windows except those of the active program by choosing

Hide Others from the Application menu.

The other programs remain open even though their windows are hidden.

When you switch to another program, its windows become visible again.

If you want to see all the open windows, choose Show All from the

Application menu.

Backing up your files and restoring preinstalled software

Making backup copies of important files is good protection against possible damage to the originals. Files on your hard disk and on the CD that came with your PowerBook allow you to restore the software that came with

the computer.

Backing up and restoring system software and preinstalled programs

mYou can make a set of backup floppy disks for the core system software on your hard disk by using the Floppy Disk Maker application program. This program and the disk image files it uses are in the System Backup folder on the CD that came with your computer. Instructions for using Floppy Disk Maker are in Appendix E.

mIf the System Folder on your hard disk is damaged, you can reinstall that essential software from the CD that came with your computer. See ???Reinstalling System Software??? in Chapter 8 for instructions.

mThe CD that came with your computer also contains a program for restoring the complete system software and all preinstalled application programs from the disk images on the CD. See the document ???CD???Important Information??? on the CD for instructions.

Using ???native??? application programs

Your computer is compatible with nearly all application programs intended for use with Macintosh computers. But certain programs are designed especially for computers with PowerPC microprocessors. (These are sometimes called ???native??? applications.) You???ll find that these programs take best advantage of your computer???s speed.

Special memory requirements

Some native programs may be slightly larger than other programs and may take up more memory. If you find that you are running out of memory when you use programs designed for PowerPC microprocessors, you can use space on your computer???s hard disk as additional memory. This feature is called virtual memory. Your computer was developed to take advantage of the virtual memory feature, and comes with virtual memory turned on. For instructions on how to use or increase hard disk space as memory, see the ???Memory??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

You can also add more memory to your computer, as described in Appendix C.

Shared libraries

Native programs use special files called shared libraries. These files help the programs to run more efficiently, and can be used by more than one native program simultaneously. Any necessary shared libraries are installed automatically in the System Folder when you install native programs.

If a native program requires a shared library and there is not enough memory available for the shared library, you???ll see a message that the program could not be opened because of insufficient system memory. If this happens, see the ???Memory??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu, for instructions on turning on virtual memory.

If a required shared library is missing, you???ll see a message that the program could not be opened because the shared library could not be found. If this happens, follow the directions that came with your program to reinstall the program. If the shared library is still missing, contact the program???s manufacturer for assistance.

82 Chapter 5

In addition, the PowerBook contains a rechargeable backup cell to keep system information such as date and time. The backup cell is automatically recharged whenever the external AC adapter is connected. The backup cell also provides 4 minutes of power during system sleep while you change the main battery. (See ???Removing or Replacing the Battery??? later in this chapter for more information about changing batteries.)

Monitoring the battery charge

There are four ways you can determine the charge level of your battery:

mLook in the battery monitor portion of the Control Strip.

For information on the battery monitor, see the ???Batteries & Power??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

mSee low-power messages on your display.

mLook at the battery level icon next to the clock in the menu bar.

mLook at the battery indicator level lights on the battery, visible when the battery is out of the computer. (These lights are only on the lithium ion battery.)

Responding to low-power messages

When the battery runs low, the computer displays a series of low-power messages. The work time remaining after you see the first message varies depending on how you are using the computer. It???s a good idea to act promptly.

What you should do

When you see a low-power message, you should do the following:

1Plug in the power adapter, or

2Save your work and shut down the computer, then

3Quickly replace the empty battery with a charged one (within 30 seconds, if possible). IMPORTANT Always save your work when you see a low-power message.

84 Chapter 6

What you should know

When the first low-power message appears, the screen dims automatically to save power.

If you continue to work without plugging in the power adapter or changing the battery, the computer displays a second low-power message.

The second message is followed by a third and final message indicating that the computer is about to put itself to sleep. Within a few seconds, the computer goes to sleep automatically to protect the contents of RAM. All activities are interrupted. It???s a good idea to save your work when you see the first two low-power messages to make sure you don???t lose information.

If you continue working until the computer goes to sleep automatically, you can wake it again as soon as you plug in the power adapter or replace the battery with a charged battery.

If you can???t plug in the power adapter, the contents of RAM are retained in sleep for about a day (as long as you don???t remove the battery).

IMPORTANT Recharge a depleted battery as soon as possible. Leaving a depleted battery in the computer for a length of time (especially in a hot location, such as the trunk of a car) may damage the battery so that it can???t be recharged. If this happens, you need to replace the battery.

Using the battery icon

There is a battery icon in the menu bar that tells you the charge left in your battery.

The amount of black in the icon indicates the charge level.

When a lightning bolt appears

in the icon, the battery is charging.

Using the battery level indicator lights (on a lithium ion battery only)

You can tell the charge left in your LiIon battery by looking at the battery level indicator lights on the battery itself. Follow these steps to determine the charge level:

1Save your work and then shut down the computer or plug in the power adapter.

2Pull the battery out of its compartment.

For instructions on removing the battery, see ???Removing or Replacing the Battery??? later in this chapter.

3Push the battery level indicator button to activate the battery level indicator lights.

The lights show whether the battery is fully charged, three-fourths charged, one-half charged, one-fourth charged, or empty (not shown in the illustration). A lighted square indicates that the battery has power; an unlighted square (black in the illustration) indicates lack of charge. The indicator lights remain lit for a few seconds.

Battery level indicator button

Battery level indicator lights

Fully charged 3/4 charged 1/2 charged 1/4 charged

IMPORTANT If the battery lights are blinking, there???s a problem with the battery. See an Apple-authorized service provider for assistance.

Note: You can purchase a second battery from an Apple-authorized dealer, so that you have a backup source of power when you can???t use the AC adapter.

86 Chapter 6

Recharging the battery

To recharge the battery, plug in the power adapter. Macintosh PowerBook 3400 series batteries may be charged inside the computer. You may also use an external battery charger designed specifically for Macintosh PowerBook 3400 series computers.

??Power adapter port

Power cord

Power adapter plug

Power adapter

A lightning bolt icon appears in the battery monitor portion of the Control Strip when the power adapter is plugged in and a battery is recharging.

The battery is recharged regardless of whether you are using the computer, or the computer is off or in sleep; however, it will recharge more quickly if the computer is off or in sleep.

WARNING Use only the external power adapter that came with your computer. Adapters for other electronic devices (including other portable computers) may look similar, but they may damage

your computer.

Removing or replacing the battery

To remove or replace the battery, follow these steps:

1Save your work and then shut down the computer or put it to sleep, or plug in the power adapter.

2Close the display.

3Press the battery release button on the battery.

4Pull the battery out of its compartment.

5Put the battery cap on the battery to protect the battery contacts.

Always snap the battery cap on the battery when the battery is out of the computer.

Battery cap

The battery contacts should not be exposed when the battery is out of the computer.

88 Chapter 6

6If you are inserting another battery, remove the battery cap from the new battery to expose the contacts, then slide it into the battery compartment.

You cannot insert a battery if the battery cap is still on the battery. You can replace the battery with another LiIon battery or a nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH) battery. Make sure you only use a battery that is designed for your Macintosh PowerBook. You should store the battery cap in case you want to remove and transport the battery later.

IMPORTANT If you take out the main battery while the computer is in sleep and it is not connected to an external power adapter, you must insert another battery within 4 minutes or you may lose any unsaved work.

7If you just inserted a new battery, it???s a good idea to plug in the power adapter in case the battery is not fully charged. You can look at the indicator lights on the battery to see the level of charge.

IMPORTANT Lithium ion (LiIon) and nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH) batteries contain metals which are hazardous when released in the environment. It is inappropriate, and in some cases unlawful, to throw batteries away with your household or business trash. Instead of throwing away your spent batteries, dispose of them as described here.

mIn the United States Return spent batteries to your Apple-authorized service provider, who will make sure they are included in Apple???s battery recycling program.

mElsewhere Many locations have government or Apple-sponsored collection or recycling programs for spent batteries. Dispose of spent batteries in accordance with the mandatory or voluntary battery collection programs in your location. Contact your Apple-authorized service provider for information about the recommended disposal procedures in your area.

Maximizing work time

Your Macintosh PowerBook???s battery can provide 2???4 hours of work time before you need to recharge. The actual work time available depends on which model of Macintosh PowerBook you have, what equipment you???re using with your computer, and what steps you take to conserve power while you work.

Some battery-saving measures you can take include the following:

mMinimize backlighting of the display.

mTurn off AppleTalk if your PowerBook is not connected to a network.

mSet the hard disk to spin down after a very short interval.

mRemove PC Cards and CDs when they are not in use.

mTake advantage of the sleep and wake features of your PowerBook whenever your work is interrupted (such as when the cell phone rings). You just need to close the display to put the computer in sleep.

For more battery conservation tips, see the ???Batteries & Power??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

90 Chapter 6

Problems starting up the computer

The computer doesn???t start up.

mThe battery may need recharging. Plug the power cord into a working outlet and then plug the power adapter into the computer. Let the battery recharge for a few minutes.

mCheck that the power cord is plugged into a working outlet. If it???s plugged into a power strip, make sure the power strip is turned on. The power adapter should get warm after being plugged in for 10 minutes. If it is cold, make sure the adapter is securely plugged in and attached to

the power cord.

mThe screen brightness may be turned down. Adjust the brightness control (marked with the icon ??) located above the top row of keys on the keyboard, to the right of center.

mMake sure the battery is properly seated in its compartment.

mIf none of these measures helps, you may need to reset the computer. The

method of resetting you should always try first is to press the Command (x), Control, and Power keys simultaneously. If the computer does not start

up, connect the power adapter (if it is not already connected) and press the reset button (marked with the icon I) on the back panel.

IReset button

94 Chapter 7

The sleep indicator light at the top of the display glows a steady green.

You must reset the computer using the reset button. Connect the external power adapter (if it is not already connected) and press the reset button (marked with the icon I) on the back panel.

When the reset procedure is used the computer will thoroughly test the RAM, so it may take a few moments (about 1 second per megabyte of RAM) before the screen lights. Be patient if you have added expansion RAM.

The computer makes an unusual sound at startup, or you see a ???sad Macintosh??? icon.

mIf you hear the sound of breaking glass when you turn on the computer or you see a ???sad Macintosh??? icon, start up the computer with the Disk Tools floppy disk that came with your computer. If the computer does not start up, or if the hard disk icon does not appear, the hard disk may need repair. Contact an Apple-authorized service provider or call the Apple Assistance Center. If the hard disk icon does appear, see Chapter 8 for information about reinstalling the system software.

mThere may be a problem with the information stored in the area called parameter RAM (PRAM). Reset the PRAM (also called ???zapping

the PRAM???).

Resetting the PRAM erases the contents of your RAM disk, if you have one. Resetting the PRAM also restores the default settings in most control panels. After you reset the PRAM, be sure to check any custom settings you made for the desktop pattern, memory, network, AppleTalk, trackpad, power conservation, and so forth. Resetting the PRAM also resets the power manager.

Follow these steps to reset the PRAM:

1.Locate the keys Command (x), Option, P, and R.

2.Make sure the Caps Lock key is not down.

3.Restart your Macintosh (using the Command [x], Control, and Power

keys or the reset button, if necessary). Immediately after hearing the startup sound, press the Command (x), Option, P, and R keys simultaneously.

If you don???t hold down the key combination within 5???10 seconds after you restart, you may need to repeat steps 1???3.

4.Hold down the keys until you hear the startup sound again.

5.If the computer shuts itself off, press the Power key to turn it back on.

6.When the computer has finished starting up, restore any custom control panel and network settings.

mIf nothing happens after you reset the PRAM, there may be a problem with a RAM expansion card. If you installed a RAM expansion card in your computer, check Appendix C to make sure the card is properly installed. If you purchased an expansion card from a third-party manufacturer, contact the manufacturer for help.

See also ???The Computer Makes Unusual Sounds??? in the section ???Other Problems While Working??? later in this chapter.

The computer starts up, but the desktop doesn???t appear.

mThe screen brightness may be turned down. Adjust the brightness control (??), located above the top row of keys on the keyboard, to the right of center.

mThe computer may be trying to start up using an external hard disk that does not contain the correct system software. Disconnect the external hard disk and restart your computer. (This can also happen with PC Card drives and expansion bay drives.)

mStart the computer, holding down the Shift key until you see the message ???Extensions off??? in the Welcome to Macintosh box. If the computer starts up, turn to Chapter 8 and try the steps given in the section ???Checking Your System Software Extensions.??? You can go directly to the Extensions Manager control panel by holding down the Space bar during startup.

When you start up the computer, you see a message about the system software.

mThe system software on the startup disk you???re using may be incomplete or damaged, or may be the wrong version. Make sure you???re using the correct disk as a startup disk.

mIf you???re sure you???re using the correct startup disk, you may need to reinstall system software. See ???Reinstalling System Software??? in Chapter 8.

96 Chapter 7

The computer displays a flashing question mark icon.

mThis icon usually means that the computer can???t find system software on any disks attached to the computer. If the computer is connected to any external hard disks, make sure they are turned on. Then restart the computer. If the problem recurs, the hard disk or its system software may be damaged. See Chapter 8.

mTurn off the computer, disconnect all external devices except the power adapter, and restart the computer. If the computer starts up, turn to ???Problems with Equipment Connected to Your Computer ??? later in this chapter.

The computer freezes or displays an error message during startup.

mTurn off the computer, disconnect all external devices except the power adapter, and restart the computer. If the computer starts up, turn to ???Problems with Equipment Connected to Your Computer??? later in

this chapter.

mStart the computer, holding down the Shift key until you see the message ???Extensions off??? in the Welcome to Macintosh box. If the computer starts up, turn to Chapter 8.

About the codes in error messages: The number codes in error messages are used in software development. Sometimes they can help a technician narrow down the source of a problem. However, the codes are usually too general or technical in nature to help you diagnose a problem yourself.

When the computer starts up, a message says there is not enough memory.

There may not be enough memory to load all the system software extensions you???ve installed. Restart the computer, holding down the Shift key until you see the message ???Extensions off??? in the Welcome to Macintosh box. Then try the following to increase available memory:

mTurn on virtual memory (VM) in the Memory control panel, or increase the VM size if it???s already on. Your PowerBook can deliver good performance with VM set to two to three times the amount of actual RAM in the computer.

mReduce the size of the disk cache in the Memory control panel.

mIf you use a RAM disk, reduce its size or turn it off in the Memory control panel.

mUse the Extensions Manager control panel (in the Control Panels folder inside the System Folder on your hard disk) to turn off extensions you don???t need. Then restart the computer. (You can use Extensions Manager to create different sets of extensions for special situations.)

You need to restart the computer for these changes to take effect.

If these suggestions don???t work, you can increase memory by installing a RAM expansion card in your computer. See Appendix C for information.

The computer won???t restart.

mIf the computer freezes, you can try to ???force??? the program you???re using to quit by simultaneously pressing the keys Command (x), Option, and Esc on your keyboard. Then click Force Quit in the dialog box that appears. (Note: Unsaved changes in your current documents will be lost.) Immediately save all open documents, quit all other open programs, and restart the computer.

mYou may need to reset the computer. The method of resetting you should always try first is to press the Command (x), Control, and Power keys simultaneously. If the computer does not start up, connect the power

adapter (if it is not already connected) and press the reset button (marked with the icon I) on the back panel.

Note: You will lose any work you have not saved.

mIf the problem recurs, reset the parameter RAM (see ???The Computer Makes an Unusual Sound at Startup, or You See a ???Sad Macintosh??? Icon,??? in the section ???Problems Starting Up the Computer??? earlier in this chapter). If the problem still occurs, see Chapter 8.

Every time the computer starts up, it rebuilds the desktop.

There may be a folder on your hard disk that has the same name as a file the computer uses to keep track of information on your disks. Manually search for a folder named ???Desktop??? or ???Desktop file.??? If you find one, rename it ???Storage.??? Then restart the computer. (Do not use the Find File feature to search for the desktop file. It may find it but you may not be able to access it.)

98 Chapter 7

When you start up the computer, the display lights up for a moment, then shuts down.

mMake sure you are using the correct power adapter for your computer model.

mIf the computer is running on the battery, make sure the battery is charged. Or connect the external power adapter.

Problems working with programs

The computer freezes or displays a system error message.

mThere may be a temporary software problem. To reset the computer, try the following suggestions in order until the computer starts up normally:

1.If the computer freezes, you can try to quit the program you???re using by pressing the keys Command (x), Option, and Esc on your keyboard. Click Force Quit in the dialog box that appears. (You???ll lose unsaved changes in that program???s documents.)

Immediately save all open documents and quit all open programs, then restart the computer.

2.If you see a message about a system error, you may need to reset the

computer. The method of resetting you should always try first is to press the Command (x), Control, and Power keys simultaneously. If the

computer does not start up, connect the power adapter (if it is not already connected) and press the reset button (marked with the icon I) on the back panel.

Note: You will lose any work you have not saved.

3.Reset the PRAM (see ???The Computer Makes an Unusual Sound at Startup, or You See a ???Sad Macintosh??? Icon,??? in the section ???Problems Starting Up the Computer??? earlier in this chapter for instructions.)

mIf the problem recurs, it may involve one or more of your application programs. See ???The Computer Exhibits Odd Behavior, Such as Many Unexplained System Failures,??? next.

About the codes in error messages: The number codes in error messages are used in software development. Sometimes they can help a technician narrow down the source of a problem. However, the codes are usually too general or technical in nature to help you diagnose a problem yourself.

A program won???t open.

mThe application program may already be open. Check the Applications menu to see which programs are running.

mThere may not be enough memory available to open the program. Quit any programs you???re not using and try again. If that doesn???t work, try restarting the computer.

mIf the program is on a floppy disk, make sure the disk is unlocked. (You unlock a disk by sliding the tab at the corner of the disk so that it covers the hole.)

mThe program may be damaged, or it may not be compatible with PowerPC technology. Check to make sure the software is PowerPC-compatible, and install it from a known good source (such as the original program disks).

mContact the manufacturer or vendor of the program to see if the program is

compatible with the version of system software your computer is using. (Choose About this Computer from the Apple [K] menu to see which version of system software you have.)

A program suddenly quits or disappears, or a message says a program has quit.

mThere may be a temporary software problem. Restart the computer, then try opening the program again.

mThe program may have run out of memory. See the suggestions in ???A Message Says There is Not Enough Memory,??? next.

mIf the problem occurs when you are trying to print, there may not be enough memory for printing.

mContact the manufacturer or vendor of the program to see if the program contains software errors or ???bugs??? and if it is compatible with the version of system software you???re using.

A message says there is not enough memory.

mThere may be a temporary software problem. Save your work, quit all open programs, and restart the computer. If you can???t use the Restart command, see the suggestions in ???The Computer Freezes or Displays a System Error Message,??? earlier in this section.

mIf you know the correct program is on your hard disk, there may be a

problem with the information that the computer uses to keep track of files. Restart the computer and hold down the Command (x) and Option keys until you see a message asking if you want to rebuild the desktop. Release the keys and click OK.

Note: If you have Macintosh Easy Open installed, you must use the Extensions Manager control panel to turn off all extensions except the Macintosh Easy Open control panel, and then follow the previous steps to rebuild your desktop.

A window has disappeared.

mAnother open window may be covering the one you???re looking for. Move, resize, close, or hide windows until you see the one you want.

mThe program the window is associated with may be hidden. Choose Show All from the Application menu, then click the window you want, or choose the program from the Application menu.

Other problems while working

The screen went blank.

mScreen dimming may be on. Move the pointer to restore the screen???s brightness. You can adjust the interval before screen dimming takes effect, or you can turn screen dimming off, using the PowerBook control panel.

mThe computer may have gone to sleep, as indicated by the blinking sleep LED at the top of the display. Press the Power key (or any key except Caps Lock or the trackpad button) on the keyboard to wake it.

mThe battery may be drained. Install a charged battery, or plug in the power adapter and let the battery charge for a few minutes. Then try to wake or start up the computer.

mIf the file is on a floppy disk, the disk may be locked. Unlock the disk by sliding the tab so that it covers the hole at the corner of the disk.

mThe file may be in a shared folder that can???t be changed. You can throw away the file by turning off file sharing temporarily (click Stop in the Sharing Setup control panel). Or you can select the shared folder, choose Sharing from the File menu, and uncheck the box labeled either ???Can???t be moved, renamed, or deleted??? or ???Same as enclosing folder.???

The computer makes unusual sounds.

mA program may need your attention. If an icon is blinking in the menu bar, open the menu, choose the program whose icon is blinking (it may have a diamond by its name), and take the necessary action.

mOpen the Easy Access control panel (if it is installed on your computer) and check whether any features are turned on.

mSelect a different system sound in the Sound control panel.

mThe computer sound hardware periodically turns itself off to save power. Sometimes this causes a clicking or popping noise. This sound is normal.

mIf the sounds are regular or melodic, they may be caused by interference from electrical equipment. Move the computer farther away from any such equipment.

See also ???The Computer Makes Unusual Sounds at Startup, or You See a ???Sad Macintosh??? Icon,??? in the section ???Problems Starting Up the Computer??? earlier in this chapter.

You can???t access some of the memory on your computer.

mAll computers set aside some memory for system overhead.

mIf you want to open more programs than memory allows, you can use the Memory control panel to decrease the size of the disk cache, or remove or decrease the size of the RAM disk (if you???re using one). You can also have a memory expansion card installed in your computer.

You can???t save or copy files onto a floppy disk.

mThe disk may be locked. Unlock it by sliding the tab at the corner of the disk so that it covers the hole.

mThe disk may be full. Throw away items on the disk that you no longer need, or save the files on a different disk.

mThe disk or disk drive may be damaged. Test it with Disk First Aid (on the Disk Tools disk that came with your computer or in the Utilities folder on the hard disk or the CD that came with the computer).

Hard disk drive

The computer won???t start up from the internal hard disk, or the hard disk icon doesn???t appear on the desktop.

There may be a temporary software problem. Turn off the computer, wait at least 10 seconds, and then turn it on again.

The hard disk keeps stopping and starting again.

The hard disk may be going to sleep to conserve power. Use the PowerBook control panel to change the power conservation settings.

The computer is using the wrong disk as a startup disk.

mOpen the Startup Disk control panel and make sure the correct disk is selected. Then restart the computer.

mIf you???re trying to start up from an external hard disk, the computer may not be recognizing the disk. See ???Problems with Equipment Connected to Your Computer,??? later in this chapter.

mThere may be a problem with your startup disk or with its system software. See ???Testing Your Hard Disk??? in Chapter 8.

Trackpad

The pointer won???t move.

mA program may be doing some work. Wait a few moments and then try again.

mA temporary software problem may have caused the computer to ???freeze.??? See ???The Computer Freezes or Displays a System Error Message??? in the section ???Problems Working With Programs,??? earlier in this chapter.

The screen flickers.

mAdjust the brightness control (??).

mOpen the Monitors & Sound control panel or use the Control Strip to set the computer to display fewer colors or grays.

mIf tilting the display affects the flickering, there may be a loose cable. Contact an Apple-authorized service provider, or call the Apple Assistance Center at the number provided in the resource materials that came with your computer.

The computer freezes when screen dimming takes effect.

Screen dimming does not work with some programs. Contact the program???s manufacturer to see if there is a newer version of the program that is compatible with dimming. If the problem persists, you can open the PowerBook control panel and turn off screen dimming.

External monitors

The monitor remains dark.

Shut down the PowerBook, then make sure the monitor is connected to the PowerBook, plugged into an active outlet, and turned on. (Most monitors have a light on the front panel to show whether they are on.)

The monitor is on, but no image appears.

mUse the Monitors & Sound control panel to select a resolution that will display on the external monitor. If the resolution is not 800 x 600 at 60 Hz, the PowerBook???s screen goes blank when the external monitor is in use.

mScreen dimming may be on. Move the pointer to restore the screen???s brightness.

mAdjust the monitor???s brightness and contrast controls.

mUse the Control Strip to change the resolution on the external monitor. If you still don???t see an image, there may be a problem with the monitor.

mIf you are using an Apple monitor with a 15-pin connector, be sure that the video adapter that came with your computer is connected (between the monitor cable and the PowerBook???s external monitor port).

mReset the parameter RAM. (See ???The Computer Makes an Unusual Sound at Startup, or You See a ???Sad Macintosh??? Icon,??? in the section ???Problems Starting Up the Computer??? earlier in this chapter for instructions.) Then select the printer in the Chooser and try printing again.

The printer does not appear in the Chooser.

mMake sure you???ve selected the correct kind of printer on the left side of the Chooser window. For example, if you???re using a StyleWriter II, make sure to select StyleWriter II, not StyleWriter.

mUse the scroll bars to look through all the selections in the Chooser windows.

mCheck the connections between your computer and the printer, including relevant sections of the network if appropriate. (See ???Problems With Networks and File Sharing??? later in this chapter.)

mMake sure the correct printer software is in the Extensions folder inside your System Folder.

mIf you???re using a network printer, make sure that AppleTalk is active in the Chooser. If you are using a printer connected directly to your computer, make sure AppleTalk is inactive, or the Printer/External modem port is not selected in the AppleTalk control panel.

mIf your network has zones, make sure the zone containing your printer is selected.

Nothing happens, or an error message appears, when you try to print.

mThere may not be enough memory for printing. Try the following: m Quit the program immediately after sending the Print command.

m Increase the amount of memory that Desktop PrintMonitor uses. (Locate Desktop PrintMonitor in the System Folder, select it, choose Get Info from the File menu, and type a larger number in the Preferred Size box.)

m Reduce the amount of memory the program uses.

mMake sure the printer is turned on. Some printers need to warm up for a few minutes after you turn them on.

mThe printer may be out of paper or may need attention. Check the printer status lights and any messages on your screen.

mOpen the current printer (its icon has a bold outline) and check for status messages.

If the computer starts up normally, immediately press the Power key to shut down (if you can) or turn off the computer. If you don???t, you might damage your information or equipment.

mMake sure you are using the correct cable for SCSI disk mode. The HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter is about 10 inches long, is dark gray, and has 30 pins in the connector (no ???missing??? pins). Do not use the HDI-30 SCSI System Cable, which is light gray, is about 19 inches long, and has 29 pins in the connector (one ???missing??? pin). That cable is for connecting SCSI equipment to your PowerBook.

mCheck that all cable connections are secure.

mThe PowerBook???s battery may be drained. Plug in the power adapter and let the battery charge for a few minutes. Then press the Power key on the PowerBook???s keyboard to restart it, and restart the other Macintosh.

mStart up the other Macintosh with the Disk Tools disk that came with it (do not use the disk that came with your PowerBook). If the connection works, then a system software extension on the other Macintosh may be causing the problem.

When you start up using SCSI disk mode, you see a flashing question mark icon.

mMake sure you are using the correct cable for SCSI disk mode. The HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter is about 10 inches long, is dark gray, and has 30 pins in the connector (no ???missing??? pins). Do not use the longer, light gray HDI-30 SCSI System Cable.

mMake sure terminators are placed correctly in the SCSI chain. For more information, see ???Connecting SCSI Devices??? in Chapter 4.

The Macintosh you are connected to in SCSI disk mode doesn???t see the PowerBook.

mYou cannot use the PowerBook in SCSI disk mode if password protection is turned on. Turn password protection off in the Password Security control panel.

Problems with networks and file sharing

Solutions to common problems

If you are having problems using the network or file sharing, try the following before attempting further solutions:

mMake sure that AppleTalk is turned on in the Chooser.

mOpen the AppleTalk or TCP/IP control panel and make sure the correct network connection is selected.

mWhenever you make a change in the AppleTalk or TCP/IP control panel, be sure to close that control panel so that the change takes effect.

mMake sure that all the network software is installed. If you aren???t certain that all networking software is installed, you can use the Custom option of the Installer program on the CD that came with your computer to reinstall all network software.

mMake sure the network is working by opening the Chooser and checking for the shared disks and printers you usually use.

mTry connecting to the network from a different location, or connecting a printer or another computer directly to the PowerBook using network cables. If that works, the problem is likely to be in the network. If it doesn???t work, the problem may be in the PowerBook or its network software.

Solutions to other problems

The computer you want to connect to doesn???t appear in the Chooser.

mMake sure the computer you???re trying to connect to is turned on.

mMake sure file sharing is active on the computer you???re trying to connect to. (That computer???s Sharing Setup control panel should say that file sharing is on.)

You connected to another computer, but the shared disk you want to use is not available.

mYou may already be connected to the shared disk. Check for its icon on your desktop.

mYou may not have the access privileges you need to use the shared disk. Ask the network administrator or the owner of the shared item to give you

access. (See the ???Sharing Files??? topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide [h] menu.)

4.Remove the Users & Groups data file from the Preferences folder (inside the System Folder). Restart the computer.

5.Reinstall system software.

A message says that an item can???t be shared.

mMake sure you have at least 1 MB of space available on your hard disk.

mSome removable storage devices can???t be shared. Check with the manufacturer or vendor of the device for more information.

mSome disk-formatting programs don???t work with file sharing. If you use such a program, check with the program???s manufacturer or vendor.

The file-sharing section doesn???t appear in the Sharing Setup control panel.

mYou may have turned off AppleTalk or file sharing using the Extensions Manager control panel or the Chooser. Turn them back on.

mIf the file-sharing and network software is not in your System Folder, use the system software disks that you made with Floppy Disk Maker to reinstall file-sharing and network software.

You can???t open a shared disk or folder.

mYou may not have the access privileges needed to use the disk or folder. Ask the network administrator or the owner of the shared item to give you access.

mCheck with the owner of the item to make sure you are entering your name exactly as specified by the owner (including spaces and capitalization) and try again.

The modem dialed the phone number, but the connection failed.

mCheck that the phone cord is plugged into the computer and into a working phone line.

mMake sure your modem is plugged into an analog phone line. Do not use a digital phone line. Digital phone lines can damage your modem.

mCheck with your Apple Remote Access administrator to make sure your version of Apple Remote Access is compatible with the version on the computer you???re calling. If you???re using a version of Apple Remote Access higher than 1.0, you can use the Remote Access Setup control panel to set your software to work with version 1.0.

You???re connected via Apple Remote Access but you can???t see any shared disks.

mOpen the Chooser and click the AppleShare icon. Shared disks should appear on the right side of the Chooser. If you still don???t see any shared disks, and your Chooser has a box labeled ???Zones,??? choose a different zone (some networks don???t have zones).

mIf there are still no shared disks, or you can???t connect to the one you want, contact your Apple Remote Access administrator or the owner of the computer you want to connect to.

Whenever you try to use Apple Remote Access, a message says it???s not installed correctly.

mThis message sometimes appears if AppleTalk is turned off. Make sure AppleTalk is turned on in the Chooser.

Testing your hard disk

The following steps will help you determine whether you have a problem with your hard disk or a problem with the system software on your hard disk.

1Start up the Macintosh PowerBook with the Disk Tools disk that came with your computer.

If the computer starts up normally, you may have a problem with the system software on your hard disk. If the computer starts up but you don???t see the hard disk icon, you may have a problem with the hard disk.

If the computer doesn???t start up normally, you may have a problem with equipment connected to your Macintosh PowerBook. See ???Problems with Equipment Connected to Your Computer??? in Chapter 7.

If nothing is connected, your computer may need repair. Contact an Apple- authorized service provider, or call the Apple Assistance Center.

2Open the Drive Setup icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Utilities to find Drive Setup.

Note: You can get on-screen help using the Drive Setup application program by choosing the Drive Setup Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu when Drive Setup is running.

Reinstalling system software

When should you install system software?

Your computer came with all the necessary system software installed on its internal hard disk, so you don???t need to install system software on that disk unless you encounter software problems.

If you have a new hard disk or a newly initialized hard disk that doesn???t contain system software, or if you want to upgrade to a more recent version of system software on a hard disk, follow the instructions in ???Doing a Normal Installation??? later in this chapter.

If you have a problem with your system software, you may see this icon in the middle of the screen:

If this icon appears, follow the instructions in ???Testing Your Hard Disk??? earlier in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair any damage.

If repairing the disk doesn???t help, follow the instructions in ???Doing a Normal Installation??? to reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.

What if you haven???t made a set of system software disks?

If you haven???t made a set of floppy disks to back up the system software (see Appendix E for instructions), you have two other options for reinstalling the system software. You can use the CD that came with you computer, which contains all the system software and all applications and extra software that was installed on your system at the factory.

Or you can reinstall the core system software from disk images stored on your hard disk (if you haven???t erased these files). The images on the hard disk provide only the basic system files, rather than the complete set of programs and auxiliary files that came on the computer???s hard disk originally.

4Open the Drive Setup program.

You use the Drive Setup program to update your hard disk.

5In the list of drives, click your startup disk.

6Open the Functions menu and choose Update Driver.

7When the update process is finished, quit Drive Setup.

8Shut down your computer.

9Start up your computer from the first system software installer disk you made with Floppy Disk Maker.

The Installer???s Welcome screen appears. You may have to double-click the System Software Installer icon to open the Installer program.

10Click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears. (The dialog box that appears on your screen may not look exactly like this one.)

11Make sure that the hard disk named in the box is the one on which you want to install system software.

If it isn???t, click Switch Disk until the correct disk name appears.

12Click Install.

To do a clean installation, follow these steps:

1Start up your computer from the Disk Tools disk or the CD that came with your computer (by pressing x-C with the CD in the drive as the computer starts up).

2Find and open the Disk First Aid icon.

After Disk First Aid starts, follow the instructions on the screen. Disk First Aid checks your hard disk for any problems.

3When Disk First Aid has finished checking your hard disk, choose Quit from the File menu.

4Open the Drive Setup program.

You use the Drive Setup program to update your hard disk.

5In the list of drives, click your startup disk.

6Open the Functions menu and choose Update Driver.

7When the update process is finished, quit Drive Setup.

8Shut down your computer.

9Start up your computer from the first system software installer disk that you made with the Floppy Disk Maker application.

The Installer???s Welcome screen appears. You may have to double-click the System Software Installer icon to open the Installer program.

10Click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears. (The dialog box that appears on your screen may look slightly different from this one.)

11Make sure that the hard disk named in the Destination Disk box is the one on which you want to install system software.

If it isn???t, click Switch Disk until the correct disk name appears.

12Hold down Shift???x???K to start the clean installation.

The following dialog box appears.

13Click the Install New System Folder button and click OK.

The Install button in the Easy Install dialog box changes to Clean Install, and the contents of your old System Folder are moved to a new folder named Previous System Folder.

14 Click Clean Install.

Click here to install the software you need.

15Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

It takes a few minutes to complete the installation.

16When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, you may need to click Restart.

You need to click Restart only if you installed software onto the startup disk.

If a message reports that installation was not successful, try repeating the clean installation procedure.

IMPORTANT Certain system extensions or application programs that were originally on your hard disk may not be installed with the Installer program. If you notice that a certain extension or program was not installed, you may need to install it separately. You can find some of these additional extensions and programs in the disk images that come on your computer???s hard disk or on the CD that came with your computer.

3 Choose Custom Install from the pop-up menu.

The Custom Install dialog box appears, listing all available system

software components. (Your Custom Install dialog box should look similar but may not be identical to this.)

4Scroll through the list of components, clicking the checkbox next to each component you want to install.

You can see and select individual items within each component by clicking the arrow to the left of the component, then clicking the item you want to install. To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with the letter i in it to the right of the component.

5Click Install.

6Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

7When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, click Quit.

If a message reports that installation was not successful, try installing again. (Follow the instructions on the screen.)

8Restart your computer.

The system software is installed and your computer is ready to use.

Eye fatigue

Eye fatigue can occur whenever the eyes are focused on a nearby object for a long time. This problem occurs because the eye muscles must work harder to view an object that???s closer than about 20 feet (6 meters). Improper lighting can hasten the development of eye fatigue. Although eye fatigue is annoying, there???s no evidence that it leads to permanent damage.

Whenever you???re engaged in an activity that involves close-up work???such as reading a magazine, doing craft work, or using a computer???be sure to have sufficient glare-free lighting and give your eyes frequent rest breaks by looking up and focusing on distant objects. Remember to have your eyes examined regularly.

To prevent discomfort and eye fatigue:

mArrange your work space so that the furniture is properly adjusted for you and doesn???t contribute to an awkward working posture.

mTake frequent short breaks to give your muscles and eyes a chance to rest.

Arranging your work area and equipment

The suggestions in this section can help you work more comfortably with your computer.

Chair

mAn adjustable chair that provides firm, comfortable support is best. Adjust the height of the chair so your thighs are horizontal and your feet flat on the floor.

The back of the chair should support your lower back (lumbar region). Follow the manufacturer???s instructions for adjusting the backrest to fit your body properly.

Some computer users may develop discomfort in their hands, wrists, or arms after intensive work without breaks. If you begin to develop chronic pain or discomfort in your hands, wrists, or arms, consult a qualified health specialist.

mChange hand positions often to avoid fatigue.

mIf you prefer, you can adjust the angle of the keyboard by lowering the elevation feet until they snap into position.

The back of the keyboard is slightly elevated when the feet are in use. Otherwise, the keyboard is level.

Mouse

mIf you use an external mouse, position the mouse at the same height as your keyboard. Allow adequate space to use the mouse comfortably.

Built-in display

mAdjust the angle of the display to minimize glare and reflections from overhead lights and windows.

mYou may need to adjust the brightness and contrast of the screen when you take the computer from one work location to another, or if the lighting in your work area changes.

Important care and safety instructions

For your own safety and that of your equipment, read and follow all the instructions in this section. Keep these instructions available for reference by you and others.

Warning

mElectrical equipment may be hazardous if misused. Operation of this product, or similar products, must always be supervised by an adult. Do not allow children access to the interior of any electrical product and do not permit them to handle any cables.

mDo not use the computer in or near water.

mDo not use cables that are frayed or otherwise damaged. Hold a cable by its connector (the plug, not the cord) when connecting or disconnecting it.

mAlways handle batteries carefully.

mDo not drop, puncture, mutilate, or burn the computer or battery.

mTransport batteries either inside the computer or with the protective cap covering the battery contacts.

Caution

mIf you have a problem with your computer and nothing in the computer manual solves the problem, take the computer to your Apple-authorized dealer or service provider. Attempting to repair the computer yourself may void the limited warranty.

mDo not move the computer when you can hear its hard disk spinning. When you put the computer to sleep, wait until the screen is blank before moving the computer.

mNever force a connector into a port. Make sure that the connector matches the port and that it???s right side up. If the connector and port do not join easily, they do not match.

mDo not use the computer in wet or dusty environments.

mDo not drop, puncture, disassemble, mutilate, or incinerate the battery.

mRecharge batteries only as described in this manual and only in ventilated areas.

mDo not leave batteries in hot locations (such as the trunk of a car).

mDo not leave a battery in your computer for longer than a week without plugging in the power adapter.

mDo not leave a battery in storage for longer than six months without recharging it.

mTake dead batteries to an Apple-authorized service provider for recycling or proper disposal. The batteries contain hazardous chemicals and should not be thrown out with household or office trash.

Handling floppy disks

125?? F (52?? C)

50?? F (10?? C)

Check the diagrams below to determine which plug adapters you???ll need, or ask your travel agent.

International repair and service

Apple???s global limited warranty covers your Apple products for one year, regardless of where the products are purchased. The Apple-authorized service providers in more than 80 countries can handle most repairs (unless the repair involves a component specific to another area of the world). Bring a copy of your proof of purchase with you.

Because of variations in environment and power supplies, Apple is not responsible for damage to Apple products used outside the United States.

Storing the Macintosh PowerBook

1Save your work on a hard disk or floppy disks.

2Press the Power key and click shut down, or choose Shut Down from the Special menu.

3Close the display.

4Store the computer in a cool, dry place.

Storage temperatures should remain between ???25??C and 60??C (between ???13??F and 140??F). Avoid leaving the computer where temperatures may be extreme or unpredictable???in the trunk of a car, for example.

Special keys on the Macintosh PowerBook 3400 series keyboard

150 Appendix B

Typing special characters and symbols

If you press the Option key, Key Caps outlines lightly the keys that you can use in combination with letter keys to type letters with accents or other diacritical marks.

If you see rectangles: If you see rectangles instead of diacritical marks on some of the pictures of keys in Key Caps, try pressing Option-x to see the diacritical marks. However, you only need to use the Option key (not Option-x) in combination with the other keys to type letters with diacritical marks.

If you press the Option key at the same time as a key for a specific diacritical mark and then release both keys, Key Caps outlines in bold the keys for letters that can be typed with that mark. (You???ll see that most key combinations for diacritical marks can be used with the Space bar as well

as letter keys???producing the mark without a letter.)

The most common diacritical marks and how to create them are summarized next.

mTo type a letter or a space with a specific diacritical mark, press the Option key and the key for the mark simultaneously. Then type the letter that needs the mark.

If you are having trouble getting a mark and letter to appear together, try again. Be sure to press the Option key before (or at the same time as) the key for the mark; then, after you release both keys, type the letter to be marked.

152 Appendix B

Special key combinations

If difficulties with your trackpad or computer don???t allow you to use standard methods of quitting a program or restarting your computer, you can try using these special key combinations.

Here are other key combinations you may find useful.

*If you do not have a debugging program installed, your screen displays a right angle-bracket prompt (>). To return to the desktop, press G, then press Return.

Installing the card

To install the RAM expansion card, follow these steps:

1Disconnect all cables from the computer, including the power adapter. Make sure the computer is turned off.

2Close and latch the display.

3Remove the battery from the computer.

If you???re unfamiliar with this procedure, follow the instructions in ???Removing or Replacing the Battery??? in Chapter 6.

5Lift up the computer and carefully turn it over to remove the three loosened screws.

Set the screws aside.

7Gently lift the side panels of the computer a short distance.

Be careful not to lift too far. A slight lift should raise the keyboard enough for you to grasp it.

Gently lift the side panels of the computer up a short distance (approximately 1/4"). You don???t want to remove the side panels; you only want to raise the keyboard slightly so

that you can grasp the keyboard with your fingers and be able to lift it out of the computer.

WARNING Do not lift the side panels up more than approximately 1/4".

Side view

9 Place a clean, dry cloth over the display to protect it.

Place a soft, dry, clean cloth over the display to protect it from scratches.

11Gently touch the metal surface on the right side of the inside of the computer to discharge any static electricity built up on your body.

This prevents you from damaging your Macintosh PowerBook or RAM card.

Avoid touching the heat sink inside the computer (shown in color here). If the computer has been on for a while, or the power adapter has been plugged in and charging the battery, the heat sink may have become hot. You may wish

to allow it to cool for a few minutes before proceeding with the

RAM card installation procedure.

Touch the inside of the computer in this area to dissipate any static electricity that may have built up on your body.

Don???t walk around while installing the card. If you do, make sure you do this step again to discharge any static electricity.

13Remove the new RAM card from its protective package.

Hold the card by its edges. Don???t touch the chips or metal parts of the card.

IMPORTANT Use a RAM card with TSOP low-profile RAM chips only. Installing a card with high-profile chips may damage your computer.

Save the protective package that the RAM card came in, in case you want to remove the card later.

14Lower the card into the computer and align its connector with the socket on the main circuit board.

Make sure the ribbon cables for the keyboard go on top of the installed card.

RAM card

Connector

If the keyboard cables are loose, follow these steps to replace the cables:

1Lift the bail on the connector with a straightened paper clip or similar object.

2Insert the ribbon cable into the connector.

3Push down on the bail with a straightened paper clip or similar object to secure the ribbon cable.

Bail

17Lower the keyboard into place.

If part of the keyboard doesn???t lie flat within the enclosure, gently press that area down with your hand.

18Remove the cloth from the display.

19Slightly close the display so it is at a 90-degree angle to the computer.

90??

21While continuing to hold the keyboard in place, replace the three screws on the bottom of the Macintosh PowerBook.

Not too tight: Take care not to overtighten the screws. Tighten them only until they are snug (when you feel resistance to your turning motion). It???s better to leave them a bit loose than to make the screws too tight.

22Turn over the computer and prepare to use it.

Replace the battery and reconnect the power adapter and any cables you removed before installing the RAM expansion card.

5To use your Ethernet connection, open the AppleTalk control panel and choose Ethernet from the ???Connect via??? pop-up menu.

If you want to use a TCP/IP-based application, you may want to make sure that the TCP/IP control panel is configured appropriately.

For more detailed instructions on using the network control panels, see the Networks topic area of Mac OS Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Connecting a telephone line to the expansion slot card

Follow these steps to connect a standard telephone line to the card in your PowerBook:

1With the PowerBook shut down, open the cover on the computer???s back panel and verify that your computer has a card with a modular connector.

You can check the label on the inside of the cover to determine that the card provides a modem.

2Connect one end of a modular telephone cord that came with your computer to the wall socket for a residential phone line.

IMPORTANT Make certain that the phone line is the standard residential line, not a digital line. Connecting a digital line to your modem card could damage it. Also, you must use a single-line telephone cord (supplied with your computer if a modem card was preinstalled) to connect to the telephone line. A single-line phone cord has only two wires visible in the plastic connector (as opposed to the commonly used four-wire cord).

2 visible wires

Single-line telephone cord

Using Ethernet and a modem at the same time

By using the adapter supplied with your computer if you have a combination Ethernet/modem card, you can connect both an Ethernet cable and a telephone line to the card. (In addition, you do not have to use the single-line (two-wire) phone cord when you use the adapter.)

To use both Ethernet and the modem, follow these steps:

1Open the cover on the computer???s back panel and verify that your computer has a card with a modular connector.

You can check the label on the inside of the cover to determine if you have the combination card.

G/W

Ethernet/modem card label

2Locate the adapter that came with your computer and connect the single end of it to the card in your computer.

W Telephone connector

G Ethernet connector

Y-adapter

If you don???t have disks on hand, you can skip these instructions for the moment. But the sooner you make the system software disks, the better. Buy the disks as soon as possible; then return to this section and follow these instructions.

IMPORTANT Be sure you make at least one set of disks as soon as possible, in case you need to reinstall your system software.

Making a set of disks

To make backup copies of system software, follow these steps:

1Locate the System Backup folder on the hard disk.

2Open the Floppy Disk Maker program.

The program???s welcome screen appears.

3Click Minimum Set.

For your PowerBook, the minimum set and full set are the same. You can use either button and the number of disks (as well as their content) will be identical.

If you need to stop Floppy Disk Maker in the middle of making a set of disks, click Quit. Floppy Disk Maker will remember where you were in the disk- making process, and will resume where you left off when you restart Floppy Disk Maker.

6If you quit in the middle of the disk-making process and want to resume copying, click Resume Minimum or Resume Full (depending on the type of set you are making) when you see the Floppy Disk Maker box.

Once you???ve made a full set of disks, you can delete the disk images to free up space on your hard disk. However, keeping copies of at least the system software images is a good idea. You should keep these disk images on your hard disk, or backed up on an external hard disk or PC Card (PCMCIA card). The disk images are found in a folder called Disk Images inside the Floppy Disk Maker folder.

Making individual disks

You can also make backup disks from individual disk images. This is especially useful if your Disk Tools disk is damaged or lost and you need to make one or more new copies of it. (You can start up your computer with the Disk Tools disk if you have a problem with your hard disk or its System Folder.)

You make individual disks by using the custom feature of Floppy Disk Maker. You can make an individual disk or a group of disks (depending on the number of images you select). Follow these steps:

1Open the Floppy Disk Maker application program.

2When the Floppy Disk Maker dialog box appears, click Custom.

The following appears on the screen:

187

188 Index

Index 189

190 Index

Index 191

192 Index

Index 193

194 Index

Index 195

196 Index

???

Macintosh PowerBook

User???s Manual

Includes setup, troubleshooting, and important health-related information for Macintosh PowerBook 3400 series computers

Contents v

Communications regulation information

FCC statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC rules. See instructions if interference to radio or television reception is suspected.

Radio and television interference

The equipment described in this manual generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy. If it is not installed and used properly???that is, in strict accordance with Apple???s instructions???it may cause interference with radio and television reception.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC rules. These specifications are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

You can determine whether your computer system is causing interference by turning it off. If the interference stops, it was probably caused by the computer or one of the peripheral devices.

If your computer system does cause interference to radio or television reception, try to correct the interference by using one or more of the following measures:

mTurn the television or radio antenna until the interference stops.

mMove the computer to one side or the other of the television or radio.

mMove the computer farther away from the television or radio.

mPlug the computer into an outlet that is on a different circuit from the television or radio. (That is, make certain the computer and the television or radio are on circuits controlled by different circuit breakers or fuses.)

If necessary, consult an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple. See the service and support information that came with your Apple product. Or, consult an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions.

IMPORTANT Changes or modifications to this product not authorized by Apple Computer, Inc., could void the FCC Certification and negate your authority to operate the product.

This product was tested for FCC compliance under conditions that included the use of Apple peripheral devices and Apple shielded cables and connectors between system components. It is important that you use Apple peripheral devices and shielded cables and connectors between system components to reduce the possibility of causing interference to radios, television sets, and other electronic devices. You can obtain Apple peripheral devices and the proper shielded cables and connectors through an Apple-authorized dealer. For non-Apple peripheral devices, contact the manufacturer or dealer for assistance.

Industry Canada statement

This Class B device meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing equipment regulations.

Cet appareil num??rique de la Class B respecte toutes les exigences du R??glement sur le mat??riel brouilleur du Canada.

VCCI Class 2 statement

Laser information

WARNING Making adjustments or performing procedures other than those specified in your equipment???s manual may result in hazardous radiation exposure.

WARNING Do not attempt to disassemble the cabinet containing the laser. The laser beam used in this product is harmful to the eyes. The use of optical instruments, such as magnifying lenses, with this product increases the potential hazard to your eyes. For your safety, have this equipment serviced only by an Apple-authorized service provider.

If you have an internal Apple CD-ROM drive in your computer, your computer is a Class 1 laser product. The Class 1 label, located in a user-accessible area, indicates that the drive meets minimum safety requirements. A service warning label is located in a service-accessible area. The labels on your product may differ slightly from the ones shown here.

viii Laser Information